260 
PLINY'S IN^ATUEAL HISTORY. 
[Book XIY. 
Wines are made, too, of other herbs, the nature of which will 
be mentioned in their respective places, the stoechas^^ for 
instance, the root of gentian,^^ tragoriganum,^^ dittany,^^ foal- 
foot, daucus,^^ elelisphacns,'^^ panax,"^^ acorus,^^ conyza,*^^ 
thyme,'''^ mandragore,"^^ and sweet rush."^^ We find the names 
mentioned, also, of scyzinum,^''' iteeomelis, and lectisphagites, 
compounds of which the receipt is now lost. 
The wines that are made from the shrubs are mostly ex- 
tracted from the two kinds of cedar, '''^ the cypress,''^ the laurel, 
the juniper, the terebinth, ^'^^ and in Gaul the lentisk.^^ To 
make these wines, they boil either the berries or the new wood 
of the shrub in must. They employ, also, the wood of the 
dwarf olive,^^ the ground-pine,^^ and the germander for a 
similar purpose, adding at the same time ten drachms of the 
flower to a congius of must. 
Lavendula stoechas of Linnasus. See B. xxvii. c. 107. 
Gentiana lutea of Linnseus. See B. xxv. c. 34. Gentian wine is 
still made. 
66 Thymus tragoriganum of Linnseus. See B. xx. c. 68. 
Origanum dictamnus of Linnseus. See B. xxv. c. 63. 
6s Asarum Europaeum of Linnaeus. See B. xii. c. 27. 
69 Query, if not carrot See B. xxv. c. 64. 
''^ A variety of salvia or sage : it will be mentioned again, further on. 
"'^ Laserpitium hirsutum of Linnseus. See B. xxv. cc, 11, 12, and 13. 
~- Acorus calamus of Linnaeus. See B. xxv. c. 100. 
See B. xxi. c. 32. 74 See B. xxi. c. 31. 
'^^ Atrapora mandragora of Linnaaus. This wine would act as a narcotic 
poison, it would appear. 
''^ Andropogon schoenanthus of Linnaeus. See B. xxi. c. 72. 
''^ The origin and meaning of these names are unknown. 
''^ See B. xii. c. 11. Juniperus Lycia, and Juniperus Phoenicea of 
Linnaeus. 
'9 Cupressus sempervirens of Linnaeus. 
Laurus nobilis of Linnaeus. See B. xv. c. 39. 
Juniperus communis of Linnaeus. 
See B. xiii. c. 12. The Pistacia terebinthus of Linnaeus. 
^3 See B. xii. c. 36. The Pistacia lentiscus of Limipeus 
Si Chamelaea." The Granium Cnidium, Daphne Cnidium, and Daphne 
cneorum of Linnaeus, See B. xiii. c. 35. Venomous plants, which, taken 
internally, would be productive of dangerous results. 
Chamsepitrys. The Teucrium chamaepitrys of Linnaeus. See B. xxv. 
c. 20. 
^6 Chamsedrys. The Teucrium chamaedrys of Linnaeus. See B. xxiy. 
c. 80, Dioscorides mentions most of these so-called wines. 
