Chap. 24.] 
YASIOUS KmJ)S OF GRArTINC4. 
477 
is said, too, that lees of wine or pounded wall-bricks make it 
thrive wonderfully welL Eosemary^ also is reproduced in a 
similar manner, as also from cuttings of the branches ; neither 
savin nor rosemary having any seed. The rhododendrum^ is 
propagated by layers and from seed. 
CHAP. 22. (14.) — GEAFTIXG : THE FIRST DISCOVERT OF IT. 
lN"ature has also taught us the art of grafting by means of 
seed. "We see a seed swallowed whole by a famished bird ; 
when softened by the natural heat of the crop, it is voided, 
with the fecundating juices of the dung, upon some soft couch 
formed by a tree ; or else, as is often the case, is carried by the 
winds to some cleft in the bark of a tree. Hence it is that 
we see the cherry growing upon the willow, the plane upon 
the laurel, the laurel upon the cherry, and fruits of various 
tints and hues all springing from the same tree at once. It is 
said, too, that the jack-daw, from its concealment of the seeds 
of plants in holes which serve as its store-houses, gives rise to 
a similar result. 
CHAP. 23. — INOCULATION OR BUDDING. 
In this, too, the art of inoculating ^ took its rise. By the 
aid of an instrument similar to a shoe-maker's paring-knife 
an eye is opened in a tree by paring away the bark, and 
another bud is then enclosed in it, that has been previously re- 
moved with the same instrument from another tree. This was the 
ancient mode of inoculation with the fig and the apple. That 
again, described by Yirgil,^ requires a slight fissure to be 
made in the knot of a bud which has burst through the bark, 
and in this is enclosed a bud taken from another tree. Thus 
far has I^Tature been our instructor in these matters. 
CHAP. 24. THE VARIOUS KINDS OF GRAFTING. 
A different mode of engrafting, however, has been taught us 
5 The rosemary, in reality, is a hermaphroditic plant, and in all cases 
produces seed. ^ See B. xvi. c. 33. 
This, Fee remarks, is in reaUty no more a case of grafting than the 
growing of a tree from seed accidentally deposited in the cleft of a rock. 
Q Still used for the reproduction of fruit-trees and shrubs in the pleasure 
garden. ^ Georg. ii. 73 
