Chap. 35.] 
CULTtTEE OF THE TINE. 
495 
as the root. When transplanted, however, it is very hard to be 
reconciled, as it stands in dread of all change. Hence it is, 
that it is nearly two years before it will begin to shoot upward ; 
from which circumstance it is generally preferred to rear the 
slips in the nursery from the nut itself, to obtaining them from 
quicksets. The mode of cultivation does not differ from that 
employed with the plants already mentioned.''^''' It is trenched 
around, and carefully lopped for two successive years ; after 
which it is able to take care of itself, the shade it gives sufficing 
to stifle all superfluous suckers : before the end of the sixth 
year it is fit for cutting. 
A single jugerum of chesnuts will provide stays for twenty 
jugera of vineyard, and the branches that are taken from near 
the roots afford a supply of two-forked uprights ; they will last, 
too, till after the next cutting of the tree. 
The sesculus,"^^ too, is grown in a similar manner, the time 
for cutting being three years at the latest. Eeing less diffi- 
cult, too, to propagate, it may be planted in any kind of earth, 
the acorn — and it is only with the sesculus that this is done — 
being sown in spring, in a hole nine inches in depth, with in- 
tervals between the plants of two feet in width. This tree is 
lightly hoed, four times a year. This kind of stay is the least 
likely to rot of them all ; and the more the tree is cut, the 
more abundantly it shoots. In addition to the above, they 
also grow other trees for cutting that we have already men- 
tioned — the ash for instance, the laurel, the peach, the hazel, 
and the apple ; but then they are of slower growth, and the 
stays made from them, when fixed in the ground, are hardly 
able to withstand the action of the earth, and much less any 
moisture. The elder, on the other hand, which affords stakes 
of the very stoutest quality, is grown from cuttings, like the 
poplar. As to the cypress, we have already spoken of it at 
sufficient length.*^^ 
CHAP. 35. (21.) THE CTJLTTJRE OF THE VJl^E AND THE VAEIOITS 
SHRUBS WHICH SUPPORT IT. 
Having now described what we may call the armoury of 
The willow and the reed. 
78 See B. xvi. cc. 5, 6, and 56. 79 Jn B. xvi. c. 60. 
bo " Armamentis." More properly, "rigging," or ''tackle." Heal- 
