Chap. 42.] 
THE TITHYMALOS HELIOSCOPIOS. 
179 
once, some, indeed, not till the ensuing year. The name given to 
this fruit is the '^nut," whence the Greek appellation *^cary- 
ites."^^ It is gathered at harvest, and is washed and dried, being 
given with twice the quantity of black poppy, in doses of one 
acetabulum in all. 
As an emetic, this kind is not so efficacious as the preceding 
one, and, indeed, the same may be said of all the others. Some 
physicians recommend the leaf to be taken in the manner 
already mentioned, but say that the nut should either be taken 
in honied wine or raisin wine, or else with sesame. It carries 
off pituitous humours and bile by stool, and is curative of ul- 
cerations of the mouth. For corrosive sores of the mouth, 
the leaf is eaten with honey. 
CKAP. 41. — THE TITHYMALOS PAEALIOS, OR TITHYMALIS : FOUR 
REMEDIES. 
A third kind of tithymalos is known by the additional name 
of paralios,"^ or else as tithymalis.^'^ The leaf is round, 
the stem a palm in height, the branches red, and the seed white. 
This seed is gathered just as the grape is beginning to form, and 
is dried and pounded j being taken as a purgative, in doses of 
one acetabulum. 
CHAP. 42. THE TITHYMALOS HELIOSCOPIOS I EIGHTEEN REMEDIES. 
A fourth kind of tithj^malos^^ is known by the additional 
name of helioscopios."^^ It has leaves like those of purslain,^^ 
and some four or five small branches standing out from the root, 
of a red colour, half a foot in height, and fall of juice. This 
plant grows in the vicinity of towns : the seed is white, and 
pigeons^* are remarkably fond of it. It receives its additional 
name of helioscopios " from the fact that the heads of it turn^^ 
with the sun. Taken in doses of half an acetabulum, in 
oxymel, it carries off bile by stool : in other respects it has 
the same properties as the characias, above-mentioned. 
8^ From the Greek Kapvov, a *'nut." 
89 " Sea-shore tithymalus. See B. xx. c. 80. 
The Euphorbia paralias of Linnaeus, Sea spurge. 
The Euphorbia helioscopia of Linnseus, Sun spurge or Wart- wort. 
92 "Sun-watching." 9^ gee B. xx. c. 81. 
Fee says that this is more than doubtful. 
An assertion, Fee says, not confirmed by modern observation. 
N 2 ' 
