194 
Pliny's natueal history. [Book XXVI. 
vertebrae, and loins, an infusion of betony is taken in drink in 
the same way as for diseases of the liver.^^ Cinquefoil is ap- 
plied topically to the joints, and a similar use is made of the 
leaves of mandragora, mixed with polenta,"*^ or else the root, 
beaten up fresh with wild cucumber or boiled in water. Por 
chaps upon the toes, root of polypodion"*^ is used ; and for dis- 
eases of the joints, juice of henbane with axle-grease ; amo- 
mum,^* with a decoction of the plant ; centuneulus,^^ boiled ; or 
fresh moss steeped in water, and attached to the part till it is 
quite dry. 
The root, too, of lappa boaria,"*^ taken in wine, is productive 
of similar effects. A decoction of cyclaminos^'^ in water, is cura- 
tive of chilblains, and all other affections resulting from cold. 
For chilblains, cotyledon is also employed with axle-grease, 
leaves of batrachion,^^ and juice of epithymum.^^ Ladanum/^ 
mixed with castoreum,^^ and vervain applied with wine, ex- 
tract corns from the feet. 
CHAP. 67. — MALADIES WHICH ATTACK THE WHOLE OE THE BODY. 
Raving now finished the detail of the diseases which are 
perceptible in individual parts of the body, we shall proceed 
to speak of those which attack the whole of the body. The 
following I find mentioned as general remedies : in preference 
to anything else, an infusion of dodecatheos,^^ a plant already 
described, should be taken in drink, and then the roots of the 
several kinds of panaces, in maladies of long standing more 
particularly : seed, too, of panaces should be used for intestinal 
complaints. Eor all painful affections of the body we find 
juice of scordium^^ recommended, as also that of betony : this 
last, taken in a potion, is particularly excellent for removicg 
a wan and leaden hue of the skin, and for improving its gene- 
ral appearance. 
*o See c. 19 of this Book. *i See B. xviii. c. 14. 
42 See B. XX. c. 2. ^3 See c. 37 of this Book. 
4^ See B. xii. Cx 28. See B. xxiv. c. 88. 
Ox lappa." Possibly the same as the Philanthropos, or else the 
Lappa canina, both mentioned in 3. xxiv. c. 116, 
^7 See B. XXV. c. 67. See B. xxv. c. 101, 
49 .See B. xxv. c. 109. 
See B. xii. c. 37, and c. 35 of this Book. 
51 See B. viii. c. 47. See B. xxv. c. 9. 
•^s See B. xxv. c. 11, et seq. ggg xxv. c. 27. 
