Chap. 7.] 
OPINIONS OK THE ANCIEKT PHYSICIANS. 
375 
live without any physicians at all, though not, for all that, 
without the aid of medicine. Such, for instance, was the Eo- 
man^^ people, for a period of more than six hundred years ; a 
people, too, which has never shown itself slow to adopt all 
useful arts, and which even welcomed the medical art with 
avidity, until, after a fair experience of it, there was found 
good reason to condemn it. 
CHAP. 6. WHO riEST PKACTISED AS A PHYSICIAN AT EOME, AND 
AT WHAT PEEIOD. 
And, indeed, it appears to me not amiss to take the present 
opportunity of reviewing some remarkable facts in the days of 
our forefathers connected with this subject. Cassius Hemina,^^ 
one of our most ancient writers, says that the first physician^ 
that visited Eome was Archagathus, the son of Lysanias, who 
came over from Peloponnesus, in the year of the City 535, L. 
^miiius and M. Livius being consuls. He states also, that the 
right of free citizenship^^ was granted him, and that he had a 
shop^^ provided for his practice at the public expense in the 
Acilian Cross- way that from his practice he received the 
name of Yulnerarius that on his arrival he was greatly 
welcomed at first, but that soon afterwards, from the cruelty 
displayed by him in cutting and searing his patients, he ac- 
quired the new name of Carnifex,"^^ and brought his art and 
physicians in general into considerable disrepute. 
That such was the fact, we may readily understand from the 
words of M. Cato, a man whose authority staiids so high of 
itself, that but little weight is added to it by the triumph^ 
which he gained, and the Censorship which he held. I shall, 
therefore, give his own words in reference to this subject. 
CHAP. 7. THE OPINIONS ENTERTAINED BY THE EOMANS ON THE 
ANCIENT PHYSICIANS. 
Concerning those Greeks, son Marcus, I will speak to you 
Bastitani, a people of Spain ; and Eusebius, the more ancient inhabitants 
of Spain. 25 gge B. xx. c. 33. 
26 See end of B. xii. 27 a Quiritium." 
28 "Tabernam." A surgery, in fact, the same as the iatreion" of the 
Greeks. 
29 Or " carrefour " — " compitum.'* The Acilian Gens pretended to be 
under the especial tutelage of the gods of medicine. 
^0 The " Wound-curer," from '* vulnus," a wound. 
2^ "Executioner," or "hangman." 33 For his conquests in Spain. 
