24 
plint's natural histoet. [Book VI. 
tlie first place that is known is Lytarmis," a promontory of ! 
Celtica, and next to it the river Carambucis/'^ where the chain 
of the Eiphaean Mountains terminates, and with it the extreme 
rigour of the climate ; here, too, we have heard of a certain 
people being situate, called the Arimphsei,^^ a race not much 
unlike the Hyperborei." Their habitations are the groves, and 
the berries their diet ; long hair is held to be disgraceful by the 
women as well as the men, and they are mild in their manners. 
Hence it is that they are reported lo be a sacred^^ race, and 
are never molested even by the savage tribes which border 
upon them, and not only they, but such other persons as well 
as may have fled to them for refuge. Beyond these we 
come straight to the Scythians, the Cimmerii, the Cisianthi, 
the Georgi, and a nation of Amazons. These last extend 
to the Caspian and Hyrcanian Sea.^' 
CHAP, 15. THE CASPIAN AND HYKCANIAN SEA. 
Bursting through, this sea makes a passage from the Scythian 
Ocean into the back of Asia, receiving various names from the 
D'Anville supposes that he means the headland called Cande-Noss or 
Kanin-Noss, in the White Sea. Parisot, who thinks that Pliny had no 
idea of the regions which lie in those high latitudes, supposes that he 
refers to Domnes-Ness in the Baltic, and that by the Carambucis he means 
the river Niemen. 
12 Ansart thinks that he means the Dwina, which falls into the Gulf of 
Archangel. 
33 Previously mentioned in c. 7. 
For a full description of them, see B. iv. c. 26. 
15 See the Note to c. 7, p. 15. This description is borrowed from that 
given by Herodotus. Their sacred character has been explained as re- 
ferring to the class or caste of priests among this Eastern people, whoever 
they may have been. 
16 Ansart thinks that the Cicianthi, the Georgi, and the Amazons, in- 
habited the modern governments of Archangel and Vologda. It seems 
almost akin to rashness to hazard a conjecture. 
1"' It has been already stated that the Caspian Sea was, in one portion 
of it, so called, and in another the Hyrcanian Sea. 
IS His meaning is, that the Scythian ocean communicates on the northern 
shores of Asia with the Caspian Sea. Hardouin remarks, that Patrocles, 
the commander of the Macedonian fleet, was the first to promulgate this 
notion, he having taken the mouth of the river Volga for a narrow passage, 
by means of which the Scythian or Korthern Ocean made its way into the 
Caspian Sea. 
