Chap. 39.] ACCOUNT OF COUNTRIES, ETC. 
113 
Sea, and the line runs above Callatis, and through the Bos- 
porus, the Borj^sthenes, Tomi, the back part of Thrace, the 
Triballi, the remainder of lUyricum, the Adriatic Sea, Aquileia, 
Altinum, Yenetia, Yicetia, Patavium, Yerona, Cremona, Ea- 
venna, Ancona, Picenum, the Marsi, the Peligni, the Sabini, 
Umbria, Ariminum, Bononia, Placentia, Mediolanum, all the 
districts at the foot of the Apennines, and, beyond the Alps, 
Gallia Aquitanica, Yienna, the Pyrenaean range, and Celti- 
beria. A gnomon thirty-five feet in length here throws a 
shadow of thirty-six feet, except in some parts of Yenetia, 
where the shadow just equals the length of the gnomon ; the 
longest day is fifteen equinoctial hours, plus three-fifths of an 
hour. 
Thus far we have set forth the results of observations made 
by the ancients. The remaining part of the earth has been 
divided, through the careful researches of those of more recent 
times, by three additional parallels. The first runs from the 
Tanais through the Mseotis and the country of the Sarmatse, 
as far as the Borysthenes, and so through the Daci and part of 
(Jermany, and the Gallic provinces, as far as the shores of the 
ocean, the longest day being sixteen hours. 
The second parallel runs through the country of the Hyper- 
borei and the island of Britannia, the longest day being 
seventeen hours in length. 
The last of all is the Scythian parallel, which runs from the 
Eiphsean range to Thule, in which, as we have already stated,^- 
the year is divided into days and nights alternately, of six 
months' duration. The same authors have also placed before 
the first parallel, which we have here given,^^ two other parallels 
or circles ; the first running through the island of Meroe and 
the city of Ptolemais which was built on the Eed Sea for 
the chase of the elephant ; where the longest day is twelve 
hours and a half in length ; and the second passing through 
Syene in Egypt, in which the longest day is thirteen hours in 
length. The same authors have also added half an hour to 
each of the parallels, till they come to the last. 
Thus far on the Geography of the earth. 
Summary. — Towns mentioned, eleven hundred and ninety- 
four. TyTations, five hundred and seventy- six. Noted rivers^ 
82 B. iY. c. 26. 
TOL. n. 
83 In p. 111. 
I 
