Chap. 20,] 
riSHES. 
387 
pears, which is of a sulphureous tint when in the water, but 
when out of it resembles other fish in colour. The salt-water 
preserves*'' of Spain are filled with these last fish, but the tun- 
nies do not consort with them.*^ 
CHAP. 20. — FISHES WHICH AKE NEYER EOUT^D IN" THE ETTXINE ; 
THOSE WHICH EKTEE IT AND EETIJKN. 
The Euxine, however, is never entered by any animaP^ that 
is noxious to fish, with the exception of the sea-calf and the 
small dolphin. On entering, the tunnies range along^*^ the 
shores to the right, and on departing, keep to those on the 
left ; this is supposed to arise from the fact that they have 
better sight with the right eye, their powers of vision with 
either being naturally very limited. In the channel of the 
Thracian Bosporus, by which the Propontis is connected with 
the Euxiue, at the narrowest part of the Straits which separate 
find that it was a very common fish at Rome, of small size, and was in Httle 
repute. It was wrapped in paper when exposed for sale, and bad poets 
were threatened with the mackerel, as they are nt the present day with the 
grocer or butterman ; or, as in the time of the Spectator, with the trunk- 
maker. Thus Persius says, Sat. i, 1. 43. " and to leave writings worthy 
to be preserved in cedar, and verses that dread neither mackerel nor 
frankincense." Aristotle, Hist. Anim. B. ix. c. 2, enumerates this fish 
among those that are gregarious, and places it in company with the tunny 
and the pelamis, but states that it is inferior in strength, B. viii. c, 2. 
Cuvier says, that the mackerel still has names in diff'erent parts that are 
derived from the word scomber," they being called " sgombri" at Con- 
stantinople, scombri at Venice, and scurmu, scrumiu, and scumbirro in 
Sicily. 
*7 Cetarias. These " cetariae," or ''cetaria," Papias says, were pieces of 
standing salt water, in the vicinity of the sea-shore, in which tunnies and 
other large fish were kept, and adjoining to which were the salting-houses. 
In the middle ages these preserves were called "tunnariae," or " tunneries." 
As in the Euxine. Tunnies were caught on the Spanish coasts, as we 
learn from Athenseus, who, as quoted above, mentions the fisheries off 
Gades, for the orcynus, or large tunny. See N. 37, p. 385. 
Aristotle, Hist. Anim. B. viii. c. 16, from whom Pliny has here 
borrowed, makes a somewhat dissimilar statement. He says that "no 
noxious animal enters the Euxine, except the phocena [or po7'poifie], and the 
dolphin and little dolphin." Hardouin remarks, however, that Pliny is 
right in his statement, that seals are to be found in the Euxine, and that 
Rondelet, B. xvi. c. 9, for that reason has suggested that the reading ought 
to be altered in Aristotle, and not in Pliny. 
Aristotle, B. viii. c. 6. Plutarch on the Instinct of Animals, and 
^lian, Hist. Anim. B. ix. c. 42, say tlie same. 
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