Chap. 23.] 
riSHES. 
391 
CHAP. 22. (16.) THAT AIJGUEIES AHE DEEIVED FfiOM EISHES. 
Auguries are also derived from this department of ^^"ature, 
and fishes afford presages of coming events. "While Augustus 
was walking on the sea-shore, during the time of the Sicilian 
war, a fish leapt out of the sea, and fell at his feet. The di- 
viners, who were consulted, stated that this was a proof that 
those would fall beneath the feet of Caesar who at that moment 
were in possession of the seas — it was just at this time that 
Sextus Pompeius had adopted Neptune as his father, so elated 
was he with his successes by sea. 
CHAP. 23. WHAT KINDS OE EISHES HAVE NO MALES. 
The females of fishes are larger'''^ in size than the males, and 
in some kinds there are no males''^ at all, as in the erj^thini^^ 
and the channi for all of these that are taken are found to 
''I In confirmation of this, Suetonius says, "The day before Augustus 
fought the sea-battle off Sicily, while he was walking on the sea-shore, a 
fish leapt out of the sea and fell at his feet." 
'^'^ Appiau tells us, B. v., that Sextus Pompeius, on gaining some suc- 
cesses against Augustus at sea, caused himself to be called the "Son of 
Neptune," as having been adopted by that divinity. There is also a coin 
of Pompey extant, which attests that he adopted the surname of " Nep- 
tunius." 
"'^ Aristotle, Hist. Anim. B. v. c. 5. Cuvier remarks, that this is true, 
and more especially during the spawning season. 
''^ Aristotle says the same, but with the expression of some doubt as 
to the truth of the assertion. B. vi. c. 13. 
"'^ The erythinus is supposed to be the roach, or rochet, of the present 
day, and the channe, the ruff or perch. Ovid, in his Plalieuticon, 1. 107, 
alludes to the same notion that is here mentioned : " And the channe, 
that reproduces itself, deprived of two-fold parents." Cuvier remarks, 
that, wonderful as these assertions may be, they are not devoid, to all ap- 
pearance, of a certain foundation ; for that Cavolini has observed in the 
Perca caljrilla and Perca scriba of Linnaeus, a species of hermaphroditism ; 
the ovary having always in the interior a lobe, which, from its conforma- 
tion, would appear to be for the milt ; and that he is strongly of opinion 
that in this species, and some others of the same genus, all the fish produce 
eggs, and fecundate them themselves. 
"'^ Cuvier says, that the channe is the Perca cabrilla of Linnaeus, one of 
the serrans or trumpet-fish of the coasts of Provence. According to Fors- 
kal, Fauna Arabica, and Sonnini, it still has the name among the Turks 
and modern Greeks, of " chani," or "channo," and it was in these that 
Cavolini observed the singular organization previously mentioned. Ac- 
cording to AtliensDUs, B. vii., Aristotle has described this fish as of a red 
