144 plit^t's fattjral histoet. [Book IT. 
cording to that of Isidorus\ 9818 miles. Artemidorus adds 
to this 491 miles, from Grades, going round by the Sacred 
Promontory, to the promontory of Artabrum^, which is the 
most projecting part of Spain. 
This measurement may be taken in two directions. Prom 
the Granges, at its mouth, where it discharges itself into the 
Eastern ocean, passing through India and Parthyene, to 
Myriandrus^, a city of Syria, in the bay of Issus, is a di- 
stance of 5215 miles ^. Thence, going directly by sea, by the 
island of Cyprus, Patara in Lycia, Shodes, and Astypalsea, 
islands in the Carpathian sea, by Tsenarum in Laconia, 
Lilybseum in Sicily and Calaris in Sardinia, is 2103 miles. 
Thence to Grades is 1250 miles, making the whole distance 
from the Eastern ocean 8568 miles^. 
The other way, which is more certain, is chiefly by land. 
Erom the Granges to the Euphrates is 5169 miles ; thence to 
Mazaca, a town in Cappadocia, is 319 miles ; thence, through 
Phrygia and Caria, to Ephesus is 415 miles ; from Ephesus, 
across the ^gean sea to Delos, is 200 miles ; to the Isthmus 
is 212^ miles ; thence, first by land and afterwards by the 
sea of Lechseum and the gulf of Corinth, to Patrse in Pelopon- 
nesus, 90 miles ; to the promontory of Leucate 87 ^ miles ; 
as much more to Corcyra ; to the Acroceraunian mountains 
132^, to Brundisium 87|-, and to Home 360 miles. To the 
Alps, at the village of Scingomagum^, is 519 miles ; through 
Gaul to Illiberis at the Pyrenees, 927 ; to the ocean and the 
1 Isidorus was a native of ISTicaea ; he appears to have been a writer 
on various topics in natural history, but not much estimated j see Har- 
douin's Index Auct., in Lemaire, i. 194. 
2 The modern Cape St. Yincent and Cape Finisterre. 
3 This was a city on the Sinus Issicus, the present (xulf of Aiasso, 
situated, according to Brotier, between the sites of the modern towns of 
Scanderoon and Rosos. See Lemaire, i. 461. 
Respecting this and the other distances mentioned in this chapter, I 
may refer the reader to the remarks of Hardouin in Lemaire, i. 461. 
^ It is scarcely necessary to remark, that the calculations of our author 
do not indicate the real distance between the extreme points of the habi- 
table parts of the globe, as known to the ancients, but the number of miles 
which must be passed over by a traveller, in going from place to place ; 
in the first instance, a considerable part of the way by sea, and, in the 
second, almost entirely by land. 
^ It appears to be difficult to ascertain the identity of the place here 
mentioned ; I may refer to the remarks of Hardouin and Brotier in Le- 
n-'aire, i. 464. 
