l62 
PLIT^-y'S NATTJEAL HISTOET. 
[Book III. 
risdiction of Hispalis, and the Turduli, wlio dwell on the 
verge ^ of Lusitania and Tarraconensis, and are under the 
protection of the laws of Corduba. It is evident that the 
Celtici have sprung from the Celtiberi, and have come from 
Lusitania, from their religious rites, their language, and the 
names of their towns, which in Bsetica are distinguished by 
the following epithets^, which have been given to them. 
Seria has received the surname of Eama Julia ^, Ner- 
tobriga that of Concordia Julia'', Segida that of Restituta 
Julia^, and Contributa^ that of Julia. What is now Curiga 
was formerly Ucultuniacum, Constantia Julia-^ was Laconi- 
murgis, the present Fortunales were the Tereses^, and the 
Emanici were the Callenses^. Besides these, there are in 
Celtica the towns of Acinippo^^, Arunda", Aruci^^, Turo- 
briga, Lastigi, Salpesa, Ssepone, and Serippo. 
The other Bseturia, which we have mentioned, is inhabited 
by the Turduli, and, in the jurisdiction of Corduba, has some 
towns which are by no means inconsiderable ; Arsa^^, 
Gruadiana and Guadalquivir, the eastern parts of Alentejo and the west 
of Estremadura, as far as the city of Badajoz. 
^ Probably part of Estremadura, and the vicinity of Badajoz in an 
easterly direction. 
2 The exact meaning of this passage is somewhat obscure, but he pro- 
bably means to say that the Celtici have an identity of sacred rites, lan- 
guage, and names of towns with the Celtiberians ; though it had become 
the usage in Bsetica more generally to distinguish the towns by their 
Roman names. 
3 «' The Eame of JuHus." Its site is not known. 
^ " The Concord of JuUus." Probably the same as the modern Yalera 
la Vega, near Frejenal. 
^ Probably meaning " Eestored by J ulius." Nothing is known of its site. 
^ According to an authority quoted by Hardouin, this may possibly be 
Medina de las Torres. 
7 Probably Constantina in Andalusia, to the north of Penaflor. 
® The tribe or nation of the Tereses are supposed to have dwelt in the 
vicinity of the modern San Nicolo del Puerto. 
^ Calentum was their town ; probably the present Cazalla near Alaniz. 
This place will be found mentioned by Pliny in B. xxxv. c. 14, 
10 ruins two leagues north of Eonda la Yieja are supposed to be 
those of this place. There are the remains of an aqueduct and theatre, 
and numerous coins are found here. 
11 Probably the present Eonda la Vieja. 
12 Identified by inscriptions with the present Aroche. The sites of 
several of the following places are unknown. 
13 The Azuaga of modern times ; but, according to Hardouin, Argallen. 
