174 
plii^t's nattjeal histoey. 
[Book IIL 
copper, silver, and gold ; in the l^earer Spain there is also 
found lapis specularis^ ; in Eaetica there is cinnabar. There 
are also quarries of marble. The Emperor Vespasianus 
Augustus, while still harassed by the storms that agitated 
the Eoman state, conferred the Latian rights on the whole 
of Spain. The Pyrenean mountains divide Spain from Graul, 
their extremities projecting into the two seas on either side. 
CHAP. 5. (4.) — OE THE PEOYINCE OP GALLIA NAEBONElirSIS. 
That part of the G-allias which is washed by the inland sea^ 
is called the province of [Grallia] JSTarbonensis^, having 
formerly borne the name of Braccata"*. It is divided from 
Italy by the river Varus ^, and by the range of the Alps, the 
great safeguards of the Roman Empire. Erom the remainder 
of Gaul, on the north, it is separated by the mountains Ce- 
benna^ and Jura^. In the cultivation of the soil, the man- 
ners and civilization of the inhabitants, and the extent of its 
wealth, it is surpassed by none of the provinces, and, in short, 
might be more truthfully described as a part of Italy than 
as a province. On the coast we have the district of the 
Sordones^, and more inland that of the Consuarani^. The 
^ Transparent stone. Further mention is made of it by Pliny in 
B. XXXV. c. 45. 2 Or Mediterranean. 
3 From the cliief city Narbo Martins, and later Narbona, now Nar- 
bonne, situate on the river Atax, now Aude. It was made a Roman 
colony by the Consul Q. Martins B.C. 118, and from him received its sur- 
name. It was the residence of the Roman governor of the proTince and 
a place of great commercial importance. There are scarcely any remains 
of the ancient city, but some vestiges of the canal, by which it was con- 
nected with the sea at twelve miles' distance. 
^ From the hnen breeches which the inhabitants wore, a fashion which 
was not adopted by the Romans till the time of the Emperors. Severus 
wore them, but the use of them was restricted by Honorius. 
* Still called the ' Var.' It divides France from Nice, a province of 
Sardinia. 
^ Now the Cevennes. They lie as much to the west as the north of 
GraUia Narbonensis. ' 
7 The range of the Jura, north of the Lake of Greneva. 
8 Inhabiting the former Comte de RoussiUon, or Departement des Py- 
renees Orientales. They were said to have been originally a Bebrycian 
or Thracian colony. 
^ Probably the inhabitants of the present Conserans, on the west of 
the Departement de 1' Arriege. 
