184 
PLIKT's IS^ATTJBAL HISTOET. 
[Book III 
The circuit of tlie whole, from the Varus to the Arsia, is 3059 
miles \ 
As to its distance from the countries that surround it — 
Istria and Liburnia are, in some places^, 100 miles from it, 
and Epirus and lUyricum 50 ; Africa is less than 200, as we 
are informed by M. Yarro ; Sardinia^ is 120, Sicily 1|, Corsica 
less than 80, and Issa^ 50. It extends into the two seas 
towards the southern parts of the heavens, or, to speak with 
more minute exactness, between the sixth^ hour and the first 
hour of the winter solstice. - 
"We will now describe its extent and its different cities ; 
in doing which, it is necessary to premise, that we shall fol- 
low the arrangement of the late Emperor Augustus, and 
adopt the division which he made of the whole of Italy into 
eleven districts ; taking them, however, according to their 
order on the sea-line, as in so hurried a detail it would not be 
possible otherwise to describe each city in juxtaposition with 
the others in its vicinity. And for the same reason, in de- 
scribing the interior, I shall follow the alphabetical order 
which has been adopted by that Emperor, pointing out the 
colonies of which he has made mention in his enumeration. 
'Not is it a very easy task to trace their situation and origin ; 
for, not to speak of others, the Ingaunian Ligurians have had 
lands granted to them as many as thirty different times. 
CHAP. 7. — OE THE KIKTH^ EEGIOK OE ITALY. 
To begin then with the river Varus ; we have the town of 
Nicsea^, founded by the Massilians, the river Paulo ^, the Alps 
1 This distance is overstated : the circuit is in reality about 2500 miles. 
2 For instance, from Pola to Ravenna, and from ladera to Ancona. 
3 Sardinia is in no part nearer to Italy than 140 miles. 
4 Issa, now Lissa, is an island of the Adriatic, oif the coast of Libur- 
nia ; it is not less than eighty miles distant from the nearest part of the 
coast of Italy. 
° That is to say, the south, which was so called by the Bomans : the 
meaning being that Italy extends in a south-easterly direction. 
6 Italy was divided by Augustus into eleven districts ; the ninth of 
which nearly corresponded to the former repubhc of Grenoa, 
, 7 The modern ISTizza of the Italians, or Nice of the French. 
^ Now the Paghone. 
