Chap. 14] ACCOIJlSrT OF COUNTEIES, ETC. 
217 
mentioned, is called Peloms, faces Scylla and juts out towards 
Italy, while Pachynum^ extends in the direction of Grreece, 
Peloponnesus being at a distance from it of 440 miles, and 
Lilybseum^, towards Africa, being distant 180 miles from the 
promontory of Mercury^, and from that of Caralis in Sar- 
dinia^ 190. These promontories and sides are situate at the 
following distances from each other : by land it is 186 miles 
from Pelorus to Pachynum, from Pachynum to Lilybseum 
200, and from Lilybseum to Pelorus 170^. 
In this island there are five colonies and sixty-three cities 
or states. Leaving Pelorus and facing the Ionian Sea, we 
have the town of Messana^, whose inhabitants are also called 
Mamertini and enjoy the rights of Roman citizens ; the 
promontory of Drepanum^, the colony of Tauromenium'', 
formerly called Naxos, the river Asines^, and Mount ^^tna, 
wondrous for the flames which it emits by night. Its crater 
is twenty stadia in circumference, and from it red-hot 
cinders are thrown as far as Tauromenium and Catina, the 
noise being heard even at Maroneum^ and the Gremellian 
Hills. We then come to the three rocks of the Cyclopes 
the Port of Ulysses ^\ the colony of Catina^^, and the rivers 
Symaethus^^ and Terias ; while more inland lie the Laestry- 
gonian Plains. 
To these rivers succeed the towns of Leontinum^^ and 
Megaris, the river Pantagies^^, the colony of Syracuse with 
the fountain of Arethusa^^, (the people in the Syracusan ter- 
1 Now Capo di Passaro. 2 The present Capo di Boco Marsala. 
3 Now Cape Bon. The real distance is but seventy-eight miles. 
The following are more probably the correct distances : 150, 210, 
and 230 miles. 5 Messina. 
^ The modern Capo di Santo Alessio. 
^ Now called Taormini ; the remains of the ancient town are very 
considerable. 8 probably the present Alcantara. 
9 The present Madonia and Monte di Mele. 
Now called I Fariglioni. 
In modern times called " Lognina Statione," according to Hardonin. 
^2 The modern city of Catania stands on its site. 
^3 The Fiume di Santo Leonardo, according to Hardouin, but Mannert 
says the river Lentini. Ansart suggests the Gruarna Lunga. 
Now Lentini. The ruins of Megaris are still to be seen, according 
to Mannert. is ^^^^ ^j^g Porcaro. 
1^ The modern city of Siracosa. 
See B. xxxi. c. 30, for particulars of this fountain. 
