Chap. 20.] ACCOUNT OE COUNTRIES, ETC. 
241 
Cato writes that Ameria above-mentioned was founded 964 
years before the war with Perseus. 
CHAP. 20. (15.) — THE EIGHTH EEGION OE ITALY ; THE PADUS. 
The eighth region is bounded by Ariminum, the Padus, 
and the Apennines. Upon the coast we have the river 
Crustumium\ and the colony of Ariminum^, with the rivers 
Ariminus and Aprusa. Next comes the river E/ubico^, once 
the boundary of Italy, and after it the Sapis^, the Yitis, and 
the Anemo, and then, Bavenna, a town of the Sabines^, with 
the river Bedesis, 105 miles from Ancona ; and, not far from 
the sea, Butrium^, a town of the Umbri. In the interior there 
are the colonies of Bononia^, formerly called Pelsina, when 
^ Now the Conca. It is called "rapax Crustumium" by Lucan, B.ii. 
L406. 
2 One of the most important cities of Umbria. It played a conspi- 
cuous part in most of the internal wars of the Komans. The modern 
city of Rimini which stands on its site, still retains two striking monu- 
ments of its grandeur ; the Roman bridge of marble, which crosses the 
river Ariminus, erected by Augustus and Tiberius, and a triumphal arch 
of marble, erected in honour of Augustus. The river Ariminus is now 
called the Marocchia, and the Aprusa is the Ausa. 
3 A papal decree, issued in 1756, declared the river Lusa to have been 
the ancient Rubicon, but the more general opinion is that the Pisatello, 
a httle to the north of it, has better claims to that honour. On the north 
bank of the Rubicon a pillar was placed by a decree of the Senate, with 
an inscription giving notice that whoever should pass in arms into the 
' Roman territory would be deemed an enemy to the state. It is espe- 
cially celebrated in history by Caesar's passage across it at the head of his 
army, by which act he declared war against the repubhc. See Lucan, 
B. i. 1. 200-230. 
The Sapis is the modern Savio, or Rio di Cesena ; the Yitis is the 
Bevano, and the Anemo is the Roncone. 
^ Strabo and Zosimus however state that it was first founded by the 
ThessaUans. Ravenna first came into notice on being made one of the 
two chief stations of the Roman fleet. The harbour which was made for 
it was called "Classes," and between it and Ravenna sprang up the town 
of Csesarea. Though not deemed imhealthy, it lay in a swampy district. 
Theodoric made it the capital of the kingdom of the Groths. The modern 
city stands on the site of the ancient town. The river Bedesis is now 
called the Montone. 
6 No remains of it are extant ; but it is supposed that it stood near 
the entrance of the Lagunes of Comacchio. 
7 The modern Bologna stands on its site, and there are but few remains 
of antiquity to be seen, 
VOL. I. a 
