Chap. 23.] 
ACCOTJOT OE COTJNTEIES, ETC. • 
251 
CHAP. 23. (19.) — ISTEIA, ITS PEOPLE AKD LOCALITY. 
Istria projects in tlie form of a peninsula. Some writers 
have stated its length to be forty miles, and its circumference 
125 ; and the same as to Liburnia which adjoins it, and the 
Manatic Grulf\ while others -make it 225^; others again 
make the circumference of Liburnia 180 miles. Some per- 
sons too extend lapydia, at the back of Istria, as far as the 
Elanatic Gulf, a distance of 130 miles, thus making Liburnia 
but 150 miles. Tuditanus^, who subdued the Istri, had this 
inscription on his statue which was erected there : " From 
Aquileia to the river Titus is a distance of 1000 stadia." 
The towns of Istria with the rights of Roman citizens are 
-ZEgida^, Parentium, and the colony of Pola^, now Pietas Julia, 
formerly founded by the Colchians, and distant from Ter- 
geste 100 miles : ■ after which we come to the town of JSTesac- 
tium^, and the river Arsia, now' the boundary of Italy. 
The distance across from Ancona to Pola is 120 miles. In 
^ Now the Grolfo di Quarnaro. Liburnia was separated from Istria 
on the north-west by the river Arsia, and from Dalmatia on the south 
by the river Titus or Kerka, corresponding to the western part of mo- 
dern Croatia, and the northern part of modern Dahnatia. lapydia was 
situate to the north of Dalmatia and east of Liburnia, or the present 
mihtary frontier of Croatia, between the rivers Kulpa and Korana to the 
north and east, and the Yelebich mountains to the south. Istria con- 
sisted of the peninsula which still bears the same appellation. 
^ This passage, " while others make it 225," is omitted in many of 
the MSS. and most of the editions. If it is retained, it is not impro- 
bable that his meaning is, " and the circumference of Liburnia which joms 
it, with the Flanatic Gulf, some make 225, while others make the com- 
pass of Libm^nia to be 180 miles." It depends on the punctuation and 
the force of " item," and the question whether the passage is not in a 
corrupt state ; and it is not at all clear what his meaning really is. 
^ He alludes to C. Sempronius Tuditanus, Consul B.C. 129. He gained 
his victory over the lapydes chiefly through the skill of his legatus, D. 
Junius Brutus. He was a distinguished orator and historian. He was 
the maternal grandfather of the orator Hortensius. 
* This place is only mentioned by Phny, but from an inscription found, 
it appears that the emperor Justin II. conferred on it the title of Justi- 
nopohs. It is thought that it occupied the site of the present town of 
Capo d' Istria. — Parentium stood on the site of the present Parenzo. 
^ It still retains its name. 
^ Supposed to have occupied the site of the modern C'astel Nuovo, past 
wliich the Arsia, now the Arsa, flows. 
3' Siace Istria had been added to it by Augustus. 
