280 
pliky's natural histobt. 
[Book ly. 
CHAP. 6. (5.) — ACHAIA. 
The province called Achaia^ begins at the Isthmus ; from 
the circumstance of its cities being ranged in regular suc- 
cession on its coast, it formerly had the name of -^gialos^. 
The first place there is Lecheae, already mentioned, a port of 
the Corinthians ; next to which is Olyros'^ a fortress of the 
people of Pellene^ ; then the former towns of Helice and 
Bura^, and the places in which their inhabitants took refuge 
after their towns had been swallowed up by the sea, Sicyon^ 
namely, ^gira'', -^gium, and Erineos^. In the interior are 
Cleonae and Hysise^ ; then come the port of Panormus and 
E-hium already mentioned ; from which promontory, Patrae, 
of which we have previously spoken, is distant five miles ; and 
then the place where Pherse" stood. Of the nine mountains 
of Achaia, Scioessa is the most famous ; there is also the 
fountain of Cymothoe. Beyond PatrsB we find the town of 
Olenum^^, the colony of Dyme^^, the places where Bupra- 
1 Originally a district in the south of Thessaly had this name ; but to 
distinguish it from that in the Peloponnesus, its people were called the 
Phthiotian Achsei. 
2 From the Greek word aiyiaXo^, " the sea-shore." 
3 Situate on the coast, about five miles from the present Yostitza. 
^ In the interior. The modern Trikala stands on its site. 
^ HeHce was the place of meeting of the Achaean league ; when, in 
B.C. 373, together with Bura, it was swallowed up by an earthquake, and 
their sites were covered by the sea. Such of the people as escaped fled to 
the places mentioned above by Pliny. Pouqueville says that some remains 
of these places may still be seen emerging from the sea. 
^ The modern Basihco or Vasihka stands on its site. 
' The places called Palseo-Kastro and Yostitza are supposed to 
occupy the sites of Mtgira and ^Egium. To the east of Yostitza con* 
siderable ruins are still to be seen. 
s Supposed to be the present Artotina. 
5 Towns of Koman Argohs. The ruins of the former are supposed to 
be those at a spot still called Klenes, near the village of Curtesi. The 
remains of Hysise, on the road from Argos to Tegea, stand on a hill, 
above the plain of Achladokampos. 
10 Now called Tekieh ; fifteen stadia from Rhium. 
11 Or Pharse ; 150 stadia from Patrae. 
12 The modern Kato-Achaia. 
12 Its remains are to be seen near the modem village of Karavostasi., 
Pliny is mistaken probably in calling it a colony, as we know that it was 
placed under the authority of the colony of Patrae, which alone waa 
allowed to enjoy the privilege of self-government. 
