Chap. 8.] 
ACCOUNT OF COUNTEIES, ETC. 
283 
CHAP. 8. — LACONIA. 
At Taenarum begins the territory of Laconia, inhabited by 
a free nation, and situate on a gulf 106 miles in circuit, and 
38 across. The towns are, Tsenarum^ Amyclae^, Pherae^, 
and Leuctra"^ ; and, in the interior, Sparta^, Theramne^, and 
the spots where Cardamyle'', Pitane*, and Anthea formerly 
stood ; the former site of Thyrea^, and Grerania^^. Here is 
also Mount Taygetus^\ the river Eurotas, the Gulf of ^gi- 
lodes^^, the town of Psamathus, the Gulf of Gytheum^^, so 
called from the town of that name, from which place the 
passage is the safest across to the island of Crete. All these 
places are bounded by the Promontory of Malea^^. 
^ Or Tsenarus, afterwards called Csenopolis. The present town of 
Kisternes, or Kimaros, occupies its site. 
2 Its site is generally placed at Sklavokhori, six miles from Sparta ; 
but Leake supposes it to have been situate on the lull called Aghia 
Kyriaki, between that place and Sparta. 
3 Or Pilaris. The present Chitries occupies its site. 
* Or Leuctrum, on the river Pamisus, now called Levtros. It must 
not be confounded with the town in Boeotia where the Thebans defeated 
the Spartans, B.C. 371. 
^ Or Lacedsemon. Its site is occupied by the modern villages of 
Magula and Psykhiko. The principal modern town in the vicinity 
is Mistra. 
^ Or Therapnse, on the left bank of the Eurotas. Some ruins of it 
are still to be seen. 
7 Considerable ruins of it are still to be seen to the N.E. of the modern 
town of Skarhamula. 
^ Authors are not Agreed as to the site of this town and that of 
Anthea or Anthene. 
^ Memorable for the pitched battle between 300 Argives and 300 
Spartans, — Othryades being the sole survivor of the Spartans, and 
Alcenor and Chromius of the Argives. By Homer called Enope. 
Pente Dactylon, or Pente DactyH, the " Five Fingers," is the pre- 
sent name of the range of Taygetus. Its principal summits are now St. 
EHas and Paixamadhi. The river Eurotas is now called Iris and Niris in 
its upper and middle course, and Basili-potamo from the Spartan plaia 
to the sea. 
^2 ^gila, according to Leake, occupied the site of the present Scutari; 
if so, this gulf was probably the Grulf of Scutari. Psamathus was near 
the point of Tsenarum. 
^3 Or Gythium, near the mouth of the Eurotas. It was famous for its 
cheeses. 5?he rums are caUed PaleopoH, a httle to the north of Mara- 
thonisi. 14 Capo Santo Angelo. 
