286 
pliistt's katueal histoet. 
[Book ly, 
ginally called Drjmodes^ and at a later period Pelasgis. 
The cities of Arcadia are, Psophis^, Mantinea^, Stympha- 
lus*, Tegea^, Antigonea^, Orchomenus^, Pheneum^, Palan- 
tium^ (from which the Palatium^^ at Borne derives its 
name), Megalopolis Grortyna^^, Bucolium, Carnion, Par- 
rhasia^^, Thelpusa^^, Melsense^^, Hersea^^, Pyl^e^'', Pallene, 
Agrse, Epium, Cjnxthm^^, Lepreon of Arcadia Parthe- 
1 From dpvfjiojdTjs, "woody," it being filled with groves and forests. 
2 Now called tlie Elian of Tripotamo. 
Now called Paleopoli. Here Epaminondas fell, fighting against 
the Spartans, B.C. 362. 
'* In the N.E. of Arcadia. Its ruins are supposed to be those seen 
near the modern Chionia. It was in the vicinity of the lake of the same 
name, the scene of one of the labours of Hercules. 
5 An important city : the modern PiaH marks its site, 
^ Built upon the ruins of the ancient Mantinea. 
7 An ancient town mentioned by Homer, N.W. of Mantinea. The 
modern Kalpaki stands on its site. 
8 Or Pheneus, on the N.W. of Arcadia. Phonia stands on its site. 
9 jSFear Tegea ; said to have been the birth-place of Evander. On the 
foundation of Megalopohs, it was nearly deserted, but was restored by 
Antoninus Pius. Its ruins are supposed to be those seen near the 
modern village of Thana, according to Ansart. 
1^ It being said to have been so called in oomphment to Evander, a 
native, as above stated, of Palantium. 
^1 Founded by the advice of Epaminondas, after the battle of Leuctra, 
B.C. 371, near the frontiers of Messenia. The ruins of its theatre, once 
the largest in Grreece, are the only remains of it now to be seen, near the 
modern village of Sinano. 
12 It contained a famous temple of JEsculapius. Its ruins are to be 
seen near the village of Atzikolo. The exact site of BucoHon, which was 
near Megalopolis, is probably unknown, though Ansart says that the 
spot is called Troupiais. Of Oarnion nothing is known. 
13 ijij^e town of Parrhasia, wliich is mentioned by Homer, seems to 
have given name to the Parrhasian district. Leake tliinks it to be the 
same as Lycosura. 
14 On the river Ladon : its ruins are seen near the modern Yanena. 
15 In the west of Arcadia, on the river Alpheus. 
1^ Or " Juno's Town." It was a place of great importance, situate 
on the lower Alpheus. Its remains are to be seen on a hill west of the 
village of Aianni, or St. J ohn. They are very inconsiderable. Its wine 
was highly esteemed, and still maintains its ancient celebrity. 
17 Of Pylse, Pallene, Agrse, and Epium, nothing appears to be known. 
1^ Or Cynsetha, in the north of Arcadia, upon the Aroanian mountains, 
beyond the natural boundaries of Arcadia. The modern village of Kala- 
vryta occupies its site ; but there are scarcely any traces of its remains. 
1^ Or Lepreum, so called to distiQguish it from Lepreum in Elis. 
