330 
plint's nattjeal htstoet. 
[Book lY. 
while the Daci, whom they have driven as far as the river 
Pathissus\ inhabit the mountain and forest ranges. On 
leaving the river Marus^, whether it is that or the Duria^, 
that separates them from the Suevi and the kingdom of 
Vannius'*, the Basternse, and, after them, other tribes of 
the Germans occupy the opposite sides ^ Agrippa considers 
the whole of this region, from the Ister to the ocean, to be 
2100 miles in length, and 4400 miles in breadth to the river 
Vistula in the deserts^ of Sarmatia. The name " Scythian" 
has extended, in every direction, even to the Sarmatae and the 
Germans ; but this ancient appellation is now only given to 
those who dwell beyond those nations, and live unknown to 
nearly all the rest of the world. 
CHAP. 26. — SCYTHTA. 
Leaving the Ister, we come to the towns of Cremniscos^, 
JEpolium, the mountains of Macrocremnus, and the famous 
river Tyra^, which gives name to a town on the spot where 
Ophiusa is said formerly to have stood. The Tyragetae 
inhabit a large island^ situate in this river, which is distant 
plains between the Lower Theiss and the mountains of Transylvania, 
fi:*om which places they had expelled the Dacians. 
1 The Lower Theiss. ^ J^ow the river Mark, Maros, or Morava. 
3 The name of the two streams now known as the Dora Baltea and 
Dora Riparia, both of which fall into the Po. This passage appears to 
be in a mutilated state. 
^ A chief of the Quadi ; who, as we learn from Tacitus, was made king 
of the Suevi by Grermanicus, a.d. 19. Being afterwards expelled by his 
nephews Yangio and Sido, he received from the emperor Claudius a 
settlement in Pannonia. Tacitus gives the name of Suevia to the whole 
of the east of Grermany from the Danube to the Baltic. 
^ According to Hardouin, Phny here speaks of the other side of the 
mountainous district called Higher Hungary, facing the Danube and 
extending from the river Theiss to the Morava. 
^ This, according to Silhg, is the real meaning of a desertis here, the 
distance being mea^sured from the Danube, and not between the Yistula 
and the wilds of Sarmatia. The reading " four thousand" is probably 
corrupt, but it seems more hkely than that of 404 miles, adopted by 
Littre, in his French translation. 
7 Placed by Forbiger near Lake Burmasaka, or near Islama. 
s The Dniester. The mountains of Macrocremnus, or the " Great 
Heights," seem not to have been identified. 
^ According to Hardouin, the modern name of this island is Tandra. 
