348 
^lint's natueal history. 
[Book ly. 
the Cherusci^ : tlie fifth race is that of the Peucini^, who are 
also the Easternse, adjoining the Daci previously mentioned. 
The more famous rivers that flow into the ocean are the 
Gruttalus^, the Yistillus or Vistula, the Albis"^, the Visurgis^, 
the Amisius^, the E;hine, and the Mosa''. In the interior is 
the long extent of the Hercjnian^ range, which in grandeur 
is inferior to none. 
wald in the west to the Saale in Franconia, and from the river Maine 
in the south as far as the sources of the EUson and the Weser, so that 
they occupied exactly the modern country of Hessen, includmg perhaps 
a portion of the north-west of Bavaria. See Gribbon, vol. iii. 99. JBohn's ^d. 
^ The Cherusci were the most celebrated of all the Grerman tribes, and 
are mentioned by Csesar as of the same nnportance as the Suevi,'from 
whom they were separated by the Silva Bacensis. There is some diffi- 
culty in stating their exact locahty, but it is generally supposed that 
their country extended from the Yisurgis or Weser in the west to the 
Albis or Elbe in the east, and from Melibdcus in the north to the neigh- 
bourhood of the Sudeti in the south, so that the Chamavi and Lango- 
bardi were their northern neighbours, the Chatti the western, the Her- 
munduri the southern, and the Sihngi and Semnones their eastern 
neighbours. This tribe, under their chief Arminius or Hermann, form- 
ing a confederation with many smaller tribes in a.d. 9, completely defeated 
the Komans in the famous battle of the Teutoburg Forest. In later times 
they were conquered by the Chatti, so that Ptolemy speaks of them 
only as a small tribe on the south of the Hartz mountain. Then" name 
afterwards appears, in the beginning of the fourth century, in the con- 
federation of the Franks. 
2 The Peucini are mentioned here, as also by Tacitus, as identical with 
the Basternfle. As already mentioned, supposing them to be names for 
distinct nations, they must be taken a^ only names of individual tribes, 
and not of groups of tribes. It is generally supposed that their first 
settlements in Sarmatia were in the highlands between the Theiss and 
the March, whence they passed onward to the lower Danube, as far as 
its mouth, where a portion of them, settling in the island of Pence, ob- 
tained the name of Peucini. In the later geographers we find them 
settled between the Tyrus or Dniester, and the Borysthenes or Dnieper, 
the Peucini remaining at the mouth of the Danube. 
3 According to Parisot, the G-uttalus is the same as the Alle, a tribu- 
tary of the Pregel. Cluver thinks that it is the same as the Oder, 
Other writers again consider it the same as the Pregel. 
* Or Elbe. ^ Now the Weser. ^ The modern Ems. 7 The Meuse. 
* The * Hercynia Silva,' Hercynian Forest or Range, is very differently 
described by the writers of various ages. The earhest mention of it is 
by Aristotle. Judging from the accounts given by Csesar, Pomponius 
Mela, and Strabo, the ' Hercynia Silva' appears to have been a general 
name for almost aU the mountains of Southern and Central Grermany, 
that is, from the sources of the Danube to Transylvania, comprisiug the 
