884 
pliis^t's katiteal histoet. 
[Book y. 
tlie Massgesyli^ ; they in a similar manner have become ex- 
tinct. Their country is now occupied by the Gsetulian na- 
tions^, the Baniurse^, the Autololes"^, by far the most power- 
ful people among them all, and the v esuni, who formerly 
were a part of the Autololes, but have now separated from 
them, and, turning their steps towards the Ethiopians*, 
have formed a distinct nation of their own. This province, 
in the mountainous district which lies on its eastern side, 
produces elephants, as also on the heights of Mount Abyla^ 
and among those elevations which, from the similarity of 
their height, are called the Seven Brothers'^. Joining the 
range of Abyla these mountains overlook the Straits of Gades. 
At the extremity of this chain begin the shores of the in- 
land sea^, and we come to the Tamuda^, a navigable stream, 
with the site of a former town of the same name, and then 
the deserts of Zaliara, whence they had again emerged in the time of the 
geographer Ptolemy. 
1 From the time of the second Punic War this people had remained 
in undisputed possession of the country situate between the rivers Mo- 
lochath or Moluga and Ampsaga, which formed the Caesarian Maurita- 
nia. Ptolemy speaks of fmding some remains of them at Siga, a town 
situate on a river of the same name, and at which King Syphax had 
formerly resided. 
2 While Pomponius Mela does not make any difference between the 
Mauri and the Grsetuli, PHny here speaks of them as being essentially 
different. 
3 Derived, according to Marcus, from the Arabic compound hani-our^ 
* child of nakedness,' as equivalent to the Grreek word gymnetes^ by which 
name Pliny and other ancient writers designate the wandering naked 
races of Western Africa. 
* The Autololes or, as Ptolemy calls them, the Autololse, dwelt, it is 
supposed, on the western coast of Africa, between Cape Cantin and Cape 
Ger. Their city of Autolala or Autolalse is one of Ptolemy's points of 
astronomical observation, having tlie longest day thirteen hours and a half, 
being distant three hours and a half west of Alexandria, and having the 
sun vertical once a year, at the time of the winter solstice. Reichard 
takes it for the modern Agulon or Aquilon. 
5 The Ethiopian Daratitse, Marcus says. ^ The present Ceuta. 
7 They were so called from the circumstance, Marcus says, of their 
peaks being so numerous, and so strongly resembhng each other. They 
are now called, according to D'Anville, 'G-ebel Mousa,' which means " the 
Mountain of Apes," an animal by which they are now much frequented, 
instead of by elephants as in Pliny's time, ^ Or Mediterranean. 
y The modern Bedia, according to Olivarius, the Tasanel, according to 
Dupinet, and the Alamos or Kerkal, according to Ansart. Marcus saya 
