Cliap. 3.] ACCOTOT OE COUKTEIES, ETC. 889 
"We here find three promontories ; tlie WMte Promontory \ 
the Promontory of Apollo^, facing Sardinia, and that of 
Mercnry^, opposite to Sicily. Projecting into the sea these 
headlands form two gulfs, the first of which bears the name 
of " Hipponensis" from its proximity to the city called 
Hippo Dirutns^, a corruption of the Greek name Diarrhy- 
tus, which it has received from the channels made for irriga- 
tion. Adjacent to this place, but at a greater distance from 
the sea-shore, is Theudalis^, a town exempt from tribute. 
We then come to the Promontory of Apollo, and upon - 
the second gulf, we find Utica^, a place enjoying the rights 
of Eoman citizens, and famous for the death of Cato ; the 
river Bagrada^, the place called Castra Cornelia^, the co- 
one-third of the globe, but also in contradistinction to the proconsular 
province of the Roman empire of the same name, which contained not 
only the province of Zeugitana, but also those of Numidia, Byzacium, 
and Tripohs. 
1 Candidum : now Bas-el-Abiad. 
3 The references to this headland identify it with Cape Farina, or Has 
Sidi Ah-al-Mekhi, and not, as some have thought, the more westerly Cape 
Zibeeb or Ras Sidi Bou-Shoushe. Shaw however apphes the name of 
Zibeeb to the former. ^ Now Cape Bon, or Kas-Addar. 
* More properly called Hippo Diarrhytus or Zaritus, a Tyrian colony, 
situate on a large lake which communicated with the sea, and received 
the waters of another lake. Its situation exposed it to frequent inunda- 
tions, whence, as the G-reeks used to state, the epithet didppvros. It 
seems more probable however that this is the remnant of some Phoeni- 
cian title, as the ancients were not agreed on the true form of the name, 
and of this uncertainty we have a further proof in the Hijpjpo Dirutus 
of our author. 
^ This is placed by Ptolemy to the south-east of Hippo, and near the 
southern extremity of Lake Sisar. 
^ This important city stood on the north part of the Carthaginian 
Grulf, west of the mouth of the Bagrada, and twenty-seven Roman miles 
N.W. of Carthage ; but the site of its ruins at the modern Bou-Shater is 
ilow inland, in consequence of the changes made by the Bagrada in the 
coast-line. In the Third Punic war Utica took part with the Romans 
against Carthage, and was rewarded with the greater part of the Car- 
thaginian territory. 
7 Now called the Mejerdah, and though of very inconsiderable size, the 
chief river of the Carthaginian territory. The main stream is formed 
by the union of two branches, the southern of which, the ancient Bagrada, 
is now called the MeUig, and in its upper course the Meskianah. The 
other branch is called the Hamiz. 
^ Or the "Cornehan Camp." The spot where Cornehus Scipio Africa- 
