Chap. 4.] ACCOUIfT OF COUNTRIES, ETC. 
891 
free towns of Leptis\ Adrumetum^, Euspina', and Thapsus'* ; 
and then Thense^ Macomades^, Tacape^, and Sabrata^ which 
touches on the Lesser Syrtis ; to which spot, from the 
Ampsaga, the length of Numidia and Africa is 580 miles, 
and the breadth, so far as it has been ascertained, 200. 
That portion which we have called Africa is divided into 
two provinces, the Old and the ^^ew ; these are separated 
by a dyke which was made by order of the second Scipio 
Africanus^ and the kings and extended to Thense, which 
town is distant from Carthage 216 miles. 
CHAP. 4. — THE STETES. 
A third Grulf is divided into two smaller ones, those of 
the two Syrtes^^, which are rendered perilous by the shallows 
^ The modern Lempta occupies its site. 
2 Originally a Phoenician colony, older than Carthage. It was the 
capital of Byzacium, and stood within the southern extremity of the 
Sinus NeapoHtanus or Grulf of Hammamet. Trajan made it a colony, 
under the high-sounding name, as we gather from inscriptions, of Colonia 
Concordia Ulpia Trajana Augusta Frugifera Hadrumetana, or, as set 
forth on coins, Colonia Concordia Julia JSadrumetana Pia. The epithet 
Frugifera refers to the fact that it was one of the chief sea-ports for the 
corn-producing country of Byzacium. It was destroyed by the Yandals, 
but restored by the Emperor Justinian under the name of Justiniana or 
Justinianopohs. The modern Sousa stands on its site ; and but shght 
traces of the ancient city are to be found. 
3 Situate in the vicinity of the modern Monastir. 
^ Shaw discovered its ruins at the modern town of Demas. 
^ Now Taineh, according to D'Anville. This place formed the boun- 
dary between the proconsular province of Africa and the territory of the 
ISTumidian king Masinissa and his descendants. 
^ The present Mahometa, according to Marcus, El Mahres according 
to D'AnviUe. 
7 Now Cabes, according to D'AnviUe, giving name to the Grulf of 
Cabes. Marcus caUs it Graps. 
^ Now Tripoh Yecchio ; also called Sabart according to D'Anville. 
^ Scipio jEmilianus, the son-in-law of TEmihus Paulus. 
Micipsa, the son of Masinissa, and his two legitimate brethren. 
Scipio having been left by Masinissa executor of his will, the sovereign 
power was divided by him between Micipsa and his two brethren Grulussa 
and Mastanabal. On this occasion also he separated Numidia from 
Zeugitana and Byzacium, by a long dyke drawn from Thense, due south, 
to the borders of the Great Desert, and thence in a north-westerly direc- 
tion to the river Tusca. 
^1 The Syrtes or * Quicksands' are now called, the Lesser Syrtes the 
