418 
plint's natubal histoet. [Book Y. 
Dogs\ and that of Hercules already mentioned^. "We next 
come to Arsinoe^, and Memphis^, which has been previously- 
mentioned ; between which last and the JSTome df Arsino- 
ites, upon the Libyan side, are the towers known as the 
Pyramids, the Labyrinth^ on Lake Moeris, in the construc- 
tion of which no wood was employed, and the town of 
Crialon^. Besides these, there is one place in the interior, 
on the confines of Arabia, of great celebrity, the City of 
the Sun''. 
Mount Alabasternus, now Moimt St. Anthony, and the hill of Alabas- 
trites, now the Coteau Hessan. 
^ Or Cynopolis, the chief place of the CynopoHte nome. The Dog- 
headed deity Anubis was worshipped here. The modern Samallus occu- 
pies its site. This place was in the Heptanomis, but there were several 
other towns of the same name, one of which was situate in the Delta or 
Lower Egypt ^ 
2 In C. 9, when speaking of the nome of Heracleopohtes ; of which 
nome, this place, called HeracleopoUs, was the capital. It was situate at 
the entrance of the valley of the Fayoum, on an island formed by the 
I^^ile and a canal. After Memphis and Hehopohs it was probably the 
most important city north of the Thebaid. It furnished two dynasties 
of kings to Egypt. The ichneumon was worshipped here, from which it 
may be inferred that the people were hostile to the crocodile. Its ruins 
are inconsiderable ; the village of Anasieh covers part of them. 
3 The capital of the nome of Arsinoites, seated on the western bank of 
the Nile, between the river and Lake Moeris, south-west of Memphis, in 
lat. 29° north. It was called under the Pharaohs, " the City of Croco- 
diles," from the reverence paid by the people to that animal. Its ruins 
are to be seen at Medinet-el-Eayoom or El-Fares. 
Its magnificent ruins, known by the name of Menf and Metrabenny, 
are to bo seen about ten miles above the pyramids of Grizeh. 
^ This lay beyond Lake Moeris, or Birket-el-Keroun, at a short distance 
from the city of Arsinoe. It had 3000 apartments, 1500 of which were 
underground. The accoimts given by modern travellers of its supposed 
ruins do not agree with what we have learned from the ancients respect- 
ing its architecture and site. The purposes for which it was built are 
unknown. Its supposed site is called Havara. 
^ If this is not an abbreviation or corruption for Crocodilon, as Har- 
douin suggests, it may probably mean the *' town of Rams," from the 
worship perhaps of that animal there. 
7 Heliopohs or Eameses. In Scripture it is called by the names 
of On and No — Gen. xh. 45 and Ezek. xxx. 15. It stood on the 
eastern side of the Pelusiac arm of the Nile, near the right bank of 
the Great Canal which connected the river with the Red Sea, and close 
adjoining to the present overland route for travellers to India. It was 
one of the most ancient of the Egyptian cities ; here the father-in-law of 
