Chap. 28.] ACCOrOT OE COIJNTEIES, ETC 
455 
CHAP. 28. — LTCTA. 
In Lycia, after leaving its promontory \ we come to the 
town of Simena, Mount Chimsera^, which sends forth flames 
by night, and the city of Hephsestium^, the heights above 
which are also frequently on fire. Here too formerly stood the 
city of Olympus'^ ; now we find the mountain places known 
as G-agse^, Corydalla^, and Ehodiopolis''. JSTear the sea is 
Limyra^ Avith a river of like name, into which the Arycandus 
gives precisely the same representation, with the additional error of 
making the Ceraunii (^. e. the Caucasus of others) part of the Great 
Taurus Chain. He seems to apply the name of Caucasus to the spurs 
which spread out both to the north-east and the south-east from the 
main chain near its eastern extremity, and which he regarded as a con- 
tinuous range, bordering the western shores of the Caspian. See B. vi. 
e. 10." — Dr. SmiWs Dictionary of Ancient Geography. 
1 Of Chehdonium, now Khelldonia, formed by the range of Taurus. 
2 See B. ii. c. 116. The flame which continually burned on this moun- 
tain has been examined by Beaufort, the modern traveller. The name of 
the mountain is now Yanar : it is formed of a mass of scaglia with ser- 
pentine. Spratt says that the flame is notliing more than a stream of 
inflammable gas issuing from a crevice, such as is seen in several places 
in the Apennines. By Homer it is represented as a fabulous monster, 
wliich is explained by Servius, the commentator of Yirgil, in the following 
manner. He says that flames issue from the top of the mountain, and 
that there are lions in the vicinity ; the middle part abounds in goats, 
and the lower part with serpents. Simena appears to be unknown. 
^ So called from "H0ai(Tros, the Grreek name of Yulcan. Pliny men- 
tions this spot also in B. ii. c. 110. The flame probably proceeded from 
an inflammable gas, or else was ignited by a stream of naphtha. 
More generally known as Phoenicus, a flourishing city on Mount 
Olympus ; now Yanar Dagh, a volcano on the eastern coast of Lycia, with 
wliich it often exchanged names. Having become the head-quarters of 
the pirates, it was destroyed by the Boman general Servihus Isauricus. 
Its ruins are to be seen at a spot called Deliktasli. 
^ Mentioned again in B. xxxvi. c. 34, as the spot whence the g agates 
lapis or * agate ' took its name. The ruins at Aladja are regarded by 
Leake as marking the site of Gragse ; but Sir Charles Fellowes identifies 
the place with the modern village of Hascooe, the vicinity of which is 
covered with ruins. 
^ On the road from Phaselis in Lycia to Patara. Its site is a village 
called Hadgivella, about sixteen miles south-west of Phaselis. The re- 
mains are very considerable. 
7 The remains of BhodiopoHs were found by Spratt and Forbes in the 
vicinity of Corydalla. 
s On the Limyrus, probably the modern Phineka ; the ruins to the 
north of which are supposed to be those of Limyra. 
