466 
PLII^Y's IS^ATU^AL HISTOET. 
[Book y. 
river Pactolus\ also called tlie Clirysorroas, and the sources 
of the Tarnus : this famous city, which is situate upon the 
GrYgsean Lake^, used to be called Hyde^ by the people of 
Mseonia. This jurisdiction is now called that oi Sardes, 
and besides the people of the places already mentioned, the 
following now resort to it — the Macedonian Cadueni"^, the 
Loreni, the Philadelpheni^, the Maeonii, situate on the river 
Cogamus at the foot of Mount Tmolus, the Tripolitani, who 
are also called the Antoniopolitse, situate on the banks of 
the Mseander, the ApoUonihieritae^, the Mesotimolitse', and 
some others of no note. 
CHAP. 31. — IONIA. 
Ionia begins at the Gulf of lasos, and has a long winding 
coast with numerous bays. First comes the Grulf of Easili- 
cum^, then the Promontory^ and town of Posideum, and the 
oracle once called the oracle of the Branchidse-^^, but now of 
Didymgean Apollo, a distance of twenty stadia from the sea- 
shore. One hundred and eighty stadia thence is Miletus^', 
^ ISTow called the Sarabat. It was famous for its gold-producing sands. 
2 On the road between Thyatira and Sardes : near it was situate the 
necropoHs of Sardes. 
3 Strabo says that some persons called the citadel only by that name. 
There was a city of Mysia or Phrygia of the name of Cadus or Cadi ; 
but nothing is known of the place here alluded to, whose people would 
appear to have been a colony from Macedonia. 
^ The people of Philadelphia, now Ala- Cher, or the "Fine City," 
twelve leagues south-east of Sardes, and nine leagues south of Attalia. 
6 So called from the Greek 'AttoXXujvos le.pbv, " the temple of Apollo," 
in the vicinity of which, south-east of Pergamus, their town was probably 
situate. Nothing is known of these localities. 
' Dwellers in Mesotmolus, a town which, from its name, would ap- 
pear to have been situate on the middle of Mount Tmolus. 
^ Now called the Grulf of Melasso. ^ Now the Cape of Melasso. 
10 remains of the Temple of Didymsean Apollo at Branchidse are 
still visible to those saihng along the coast. It was in the Milesian ter- 
ritory, and above the harbour Panormiis. The name of the site was 
probably Didyma or Didymi, but the place was also called Branchidse, 
from that being the name of a body of priests who had the care of the 
temple. We learn from Herodotus that Croesus, king of Lydia, consulted 
this oracle, and made rich presents to the temple. The temple, of which 
only two columns are left, was of white marble. 
1^ The ruins of this important city are difficult to discover on account 
