476 
pliny's nattjeal histoet. 
[Book y. 
CHAP. 33. — TEOAS AKD THE ADJOINIKa KATIOFS. 
The first place in Troas is Hamaxitus^ then Cebrenia^, 
and then Troas ^ itself, formerly called Antigonia, and now 
Alexandria, a Koman colony. We then come to the town 
of Nee^, the Scamander^, a navigable river, and the spot 
where in former times the town of Sigeum^ stood, npon a 
promontory. We next come to the Port of the Achseans^, into 
which the Xanthus^ flows after its union with the Simois^, 
and forms the Palsescamander^^, which was formerly a lake. 
The other rivers, rendered famous by Homer, namely, the 
Ehesus, the Heptaporus, the Caresus, and the Rhodius, have 
left no vestiges of their existence. The Granicus^\ taking a 
different route, flows into the Propontis^^. The small city of 
Scamandria, however, still exists, and, at a distance of a mile 
at the foot of Mount Olympus ; next to wliom, on the south and west, 
were the Abretteni. 
1 On the south-western coast of the Troad, fifty stadia south of La- 
rissa. In the time of Strabo it had ceased' to exist. No ruins of this 
place have been known to be discovered, but Prokesch is induced to think 
that the architectural remains to be seen near Cape Baba are those of 
Hamaxitus. 
2 Or Cebrene or Cebren. It was separated from the territory of Scepsis 
by the river Menander. Leake supposes it to have occupied the higher 
region of Ida on the west, and that its site may have been at a place 
called Kushunlu Tepe, not far from Baramitsh. 
3 Mentioned in Acts xvi. 8. It is now called Eski Stambul or Old 
Stambul. It was situate on the coast of Troas, opposite to the south- 
eastern point of the island of Tenedos, and north of Assus. It was 
founded by Antigonus, under the name of Antigonia Troas, and peopled 
with settlers from Scepsis and other neighbouring towns. The ruins of 
this city are very extensive. ^ Or Nea, mentioned in B. ii. c. 97. 
^ Now called the Mendereh-Chai. 
6 On the north-west promontory of Troas. Here Homer places the 
G-recian fleet and camp during the Trojan war. The promontory is now 
called Yenisheri. 
7 Now called Jeni-Scher, according to Ansart. It was at this spot 
that the Greeks landed in their expedition against Troy. 
8 Usually identified with the Mendereh-Chai or Scamander. 
9 The modern Grumbrek. 
10 Or " ancient Scamander." 
11 Now known as theKoja-Chai; memorable as the scene of the three 
great victories by wliich Alexander the G-reat overthrew the Persian 
empire, B.C. 334. Here also a victory was gained by Lucullus over 
Mithridates, B.C. 73. 12 Qr Sea of Marmora. 
