484 
PLINY'S IfATrEAL HISTOBT. 
[BookY. 
surrounding sea; Casos\ formerly known as Achne^ ; 'Ni- I 
syros^, twelve miles distant from Cnidos, and formerly 
called Porphyris^ ; and, in the same vicinity, midway between 
I^hodes and Cnidos, Syme^. This island is thirty-seven miles 
and a half in circumference, and welcomes us with eight fine 
harbours. Besides these islands, there are, in the vicinity 
of E/hodes, those of Cyclopis, Teganon, Cordylussa^, the 
' four islands called Diabetse'', Hymos, Chalce^, with its city 
of that name, Seutlussa^, IN'arthecussa^^, Dimastos, Progne; 
and, off Cnidos, Cisserussa, Therionarce, and Calydne^\ with 
the three towns of Notium, Msyros, and Mendeterus. In 
Arconnesus^^ there is the town of Ceramus. Off the coast 
of Caria, there are the islands known as the Argise, twenty 
in number ; also Hyetussa^^, Lepsia, and Leros. 
The most noted island, however, in this gulf is that of 
Cos^^, fifteen miles distant from Halicarnassus, and 100 in 
circumference, according to the opinion of many writers. 
It was formerly called Merope ; according to Staphylus, Cea ; 
I Mentioned by Homer, II. ii. 676. See also B. iv. c. 23 of the present 
work. It is described by Ross as a single ridge of mountains, of con- 
siderable height. 2 Signifying " sea-foam." 
3 Still known as !N"icero. 
From its production of the ' murex,' or ' purple.' 
^ Now called Symi, a small island off the south-west coast of Caria, 
at the mouth of the Grulf of Doris, to the west of the Promontory of 
Cynossema. 
6 Now called the Island of St. Catherine, according to Ansart, 
7 Stephanus Byzantinus mentions these islands as lying in the vicinity 
at Syme. Perhaps they are the group lying to the south of it, now 
called Siskle. 
^ Distant about fifty miles from Carpathus, or Skarpanto. It was 
probably subject to Rhodes, in the vicinity of which it was situate. Its 
present name is Chalki. 
^ An island, according to Hardouiu, not far from Hahcarnassus, on 
the coast of Ionia. 
10 So called from its productiveness of the vdpOr]^, or ferula. 
II More probably Calydnse, because there were several islands forming 
the group, of which Calymna was the chief. See B. iv. c. 23, where 
Phny mentions only one town, that of Coos. There are some remains 
of the ancient towns still to be seen. 
12 A small island of Caria, south of Hahcarnassus. It is now called 
Orak-Ada. 
1^ Probably so called from the almost continual rains there. 
Now caUed Stanko, or Stanchio, a corruption of es rdv Ka), 
