DAVIS: EXPOSED SECTIONS. 
Ill 
Upper Marls with Gypsum and Sandstone. 
Upper Limestone. 
Middle Marls with Gypsum. 
Small Grained Dolomite. 
Lower Limestone. 
Quicksand. 
These rocks extend with varying modifications in a long- 
narrow strip, rarely more than four or five miles in breadth from 
east to west, from Notting-hamshire through Yorkshire into Dur- 
ham in a N.N.W. and S.S.E. direction. They usually present an 
escarpment to the westward, overlooking the undulating* surface 
of the coal measures. Tlie limestones dip towards the east 
beneath the New Red or Bunter Sandstone. The junction of 
of the two series is rarely visible, being covered by a considerable 
thickness of drift, the latter in great part composed of the 
denuded Permian Limestone. The Lower Limestone occupies the 
surface of the ground from Upton to the River Went beyond 
Kirk Smeaton, a distance of nearly four miles. The Quicksands 
which are in some localities, as at Garforth, of considerable 
thickness, occur sparingly. On the east bank of the River Went 
the Middle Marls occur on the slope of the hill surmounted by 
the Upper Magnesian Limestone, the latter being about one mile 
in breadth. The junction of the two may be seen in the cutting 
about 100 yards east of the river. 
The junction of the Coal Measures and the Permian Limestone 
is exposed in the railway cutting near Upton Old Hall. The 
former consists of shales with beds of soft raggy sandstone which 
dip rapidly towards the S.W. They are a red or purplish colour. 
The Permian Limestone rests unconformably on the shales and 
extends almost horizontally towards the east. 
The diagram (PL IV., Fig. 1) represents the section exhibit- 
ing the position of the two series of rocks. The Coal Measures 
are highly inclined and also considerably displaced, and broken by 
faults. The section is taken from the north side of the cutting ; 
the greatest depth exposed is about 20 feet, and at that point a 
