DAVIS: EXPOr>ED SECTIONS. 
113 
a blue sandy clay. The limestone is thin-bedded with thin part- 
ings of clay or marl. (PI. IV., Fig-. 3). 
NOTES ON THE EXCURSION TO THE WEST-EIDING OF YOEK- 
SHIEE: TOGETHER WITH PRELIMINARY REMARKS BY 
W. H. HUDLESTON, F.G.S., PRES. OF THE GEOLOGIST'S 
ASSOCIATION, LONDON. 
The West Riding- of Yorkshire exceeds in extent either Devon- 
shire or Lincolnshire, yet in spite of its size the Carboniferous 
Rocks alone form a very larg-e percentage of its area — a circum- 
stance no doubt contributing- largely to its wealth and importance, 
Thus, when people hear of the West-Riding, visions of smoke and 
steam, of factories, collieries, forges, and all the concomitants of a 
black country present themselves to the imagination. Yet the 
district visited on this occasion has none of these things, being 
purely agricultuaal or pastoral, mostly the latter ; not densely in- 
habited, and constituting an agreeable tract of hill country which 
becomes mountainous towards the west. It forms part of a large 
block of older Carboniferous Rocks, which a series of east and 
west folds has brought to the surface between the Coal Fields of 
Durham and South Yorkshire, and is included within the wapon- 
takes (hundreds) of Claro and Staincross, the latter being 
nearly coincident with the archdeaconry of Craven. 
Claro commences where the first roots of the Penine chain 
spring out of the Vale of York. Hydrographically it comprises 
the whole of the basin of the Nidd, together with small portions 
of the Ure on the north, and of the Wharf e on the south. 
Harrogate, with nearly 10,000 inhabitants, is the largest town, but 
Knare^^borough must be regarded as its historic capital. Except- 
