HUDLESTON AND DAVIS : EXCUESION. 
125 
dale rocks, and is a calciferous grit very largely charged with the 
remains of encrinites. In the Cold Bath Road quarries these 
rocks may be seen dipping at a considerable angle in a south 
easterly direction. In the bed of the stream, just at the back of 
the old sulphur well, the same rock is observed to dip in a direc- 
tion somewhat to the north of east, and a little further up the 
hill, underneath Cornwall house, this same bed dips at a very high 
angle indeed, nearly due north. These facts are taken to indicate 
that there exists an anticlinal domc^, which is here seen to be dying 
out to the eastward, and the north side of the anticlinal is very 
much steeper than the south — in fact, the anticlinal itself is fract- 
ured a little on the north-w^est side of what may be presumed to 
be its principal axis by a great fault which causes the road-stone 
to be brought into juxtaposition with the lower beds of the mill- 
stone grit. There are geologists at Harrogate who consider that 
the axis of this swelling or anticlinal is to be found beneath the 
Stray rather than at the sulphur springs, and this view receives 
some substantiation from the appearances which were noted when 
the railway was made across the Stray. The probable explanation 
is, that the Harrogate road-stone and its accompanying shales are 
bent into more than one series of curves, and that one of these 
curves very nearly i-eaches the surface in the railway cutting-. A 
northerly dip of the beds near the Low Hart-ogate Church is further 
evidence of the probability of this view. The party having satis- 
fied themselves as to the reality of the anticlinal axis, w^ere con- 
ducted to the Bog Springs, whei-e there are something like 34 
different sources of sulphur and iron waters. Dr. Oliver here 
indicated the peculiarities of the position and nature of the sevei"al 
waters, and deduced from his observations the fact that as a rule 
the sulphur spiings occupy an inner position, and that the iron 
springs are without, on either side of the main axis or upheaval. 
The nature of the several wells was pointed out, and attention was 
especially drawn to the very abnormal water known as the "Alum 
Well." It may be mentioned that one of the characteristics of 
