CLASS II. AVES: ORDER 2. PASSERES. 
129 
The Red-AVing Thrush, T. iliacus, migrates from the north to the south of Europe in winter, 
spending the latter season in England, France, and other parts where the climate is mild. Its 
favorite resorts are parks, and pleasure grounds ornamented with chimps of trees. They usually 
feed on worms, snails, and other soft-bodied animals, and therefore, when the ground happens to 
be covered with snow for a length of time, many of these birds perish. In summer this thrush 
migrates far north, to Norway, Lapland, and even the Faroe Isles and Iceland, where it breeds. 
Its song is pleasing, and it is sometimes called the Norway Nighlingale. The upper parts of this 
bird are olive-brown : the under parts dull white, streaked with brown. From the preceding en- 
graving, it will be seen that this bird, in its form and markings, bears a striking resemblance to 
our robin in its first autumn plumage. 
The Missel Thrush, T. viscivorus — Merle Draine of the French — is also called in various parts 
of Great Britain Gray Thrush^ Holm-Thrush, Screech-Thrush, Storrncock, and Shrzte. The male 
and female exhibit little differQuce : the top of the head and almost all the upper surface of the 
body are nearly uniform clove-brown; wings and wing-coverts umber-brown; all the under sur- 
face of the body white, tinged with yellow, and covered with numerous black spots, the whole 
length about eleven inches. This is one of the largest of the species, and although not very 
common anywhere, it is verj'' generally diffused; it is rather a shy bird, frequenting small woods 
and the high trees in hedges bounding large meadows. It remains in Middle and Southern 
Europe all the year. The name Storrncock is given to it from its habit of singing during storm 
and rain. It begins to build in April, and fixes its nest in the fork of a tree ; the eggs are four 
or five in number, of a greenish-white color, spotted with red-brown. It feeds on worms, slugs, 
&c.; also fruits, especiall} those of the mistletoe^ from, which it derives its common English name. 
THE GOLDEN THRUSH OR WUITE's THROSH. 
White's Thrush, T. Whitei — T. varius of Temminck — is a native of Japan and Java, but mi- 
grates into Southern Europe in summer, and has been taken a few times in the British Islands. 
It was first killed in Hampshire, and named after White, the celebrated naturalist of Selborne. 
Its color is brown-olive, with a golden reflection, above ; below it is yellow, marked with cres- 
cent-shaped spots. 
The Fieldfare or Gray Thrush, T. pilaris, has the head, hind neck, and wings, gray ; fore 
part of the back chestnut ; fore neck and breast reddish-yellow ; lower wing-coverts and axillary 
feathers pure white; young of the year with duller tints, the feathers of the sides light, with a 
pale brown or dusky border within the white margin. This bird is migratory in the British 
Islands, coming from the north to spend the winter, and is one of the latest species that thus 
makes its appearance. 
The Rock Thrush, T. saxatilis, has the neck and head bluish-gray; the back black, spotted 
Vol. II.— 17 
