CLASS II. AYES: 
ORDER 2. 
PASSERES. 
14T 
It is heard most frequently from the time of its arrival till the young birds break the shell ; after 
that period it sings less, and with less energy, as its principal attention is necessarily directed to 
the feeding of its brood. About midsummer its song ceases altogether, and one hears in the 
woods only the twittering of the young birds, in their attempts to acquire the paternal song. In 
confinement, birds which have been taken when old begin to sing as early as November, and do 
not become entirely silent till Easter. The young birds, however, which have been reared from 
the nest, will sometimes, if placed under good instruction, sing for seven months in the year. If 
not hung where they can hear a good singer, they never acquire their natural song perfectly, but 
intermix with it notes of other birds ; while, on the other hand, if possessed of a good voice and 
memory, they sometimes improve upon the instructions of their teacher. This, however, is a rare 
occurrence, as out of twenty young birds reared in the aviary, it is doubtful if even one prove a 
thoroughly good singer. The best are those which are caught in August, just before their mi- 
gration, and which, in the following spring, are put under the tuition of an accomplished singer." 
The Great ISTioHTiiirGALE, S. philoynela of Bechstein, is six inches and a half long, dark brown 
above, and light below; its song is less varied and less agreeable than the preceding; found in 
the eastern countries of Europe, and in Asia, along the borders of the Mediterranean. 
The Wood-Warbler, S. sylvicola: this is five and a quarter inches long; olive-green, tinged 
with sulphur-yellow, above ; beneath white ; common in Middle and Southern Europe. 
The Willow-Wabbler, 8. trochylus, is five inches long; dull olive-green above; beneath yel- 
lowish-white ; common throughout Europe. This is the Willow Wren or Sylvia trochylus of 
Nuttall ; the Eegulus trochylus of De Kay : said to be found also in the Southern States. 
The Melodious Willow- A¥arbler, S. hipiyolais, is five and a half inches long; green, tinged 
with ash-brown above ; beneath sulphur-yellow ; distinguished for its pleasing and varied song ; 
found throughout Europe. 
The Chiff-Chaff, S. rufa, is four and three-quarter inches long ; ash-brown above ; dull brown- 
ish-white beneath ; found throughout Europe. 
The Rayed Warbler, S. nisoria of Bechstein — Fauvette Epervier of the French — is six and 
a half inches long; inhabits the north of Europe ; the S. provincialis is four and half inches long; 
is permanent in Southern Europe, and is accidentally found in France ; 8. Cetti — Bossignol des 
Marais of the French — five inches long ; found in Europe on the borders of the Mediterranean ; 
the ^S'. Jluviatilis, five and a half inches long ; found on the borders of the Danube. 
THE GKASSHOPPEK-WAKBLEE. 
Genus SALICARIA : 8alicaria. — This includes several species of Warbler, among which we 
lay name the Grasshopper-Warbler, ;S'. locustella, deriving its name from its incessant cricket- 
like note; five and a half inches long; greenish-brown above; pale brown, spotted, beneath; 
found throughout Europe; the Thrush-like AVarbler, S. turdoides, eight inches long; hght 
brown above; white beneath; found in Middle and Southern Europe; the Sedge-Warbler, S. 
