CLASS II. AVES: ORDER 2. PASSERES. 
153 
Oenus TRICHAS : Trichas^ includes tlie Ground-Warhlen^. Tho Yellow-Throat, T. Mari- 
landica, is fire inclies long ; oHve-grecn above ; beneath yellow ; ]iiates an oven-sliaped nest, simi- 
lar to that of the Golden-crowned Thrush; lays from four to six eggs ; ranges from Mexico to fifty 
degrees north. This is one of the species in the nest of which the cow-bunting often deposits 
one of its eggs, in the manner of ~the European cuckoo. The nest is placed on the ground, and 
partly sunk in it, and is oven-shaped. The Mourning- Warbler, T. Fhiladelphia, is five and a 
half inches long; olive-green above, yellow beneath; a rare species, of shy and solitary habits; 
little known: Maggillivrat's Ground-Warbler, T. Macgillivrayi^ six inches long; olive-green 
above, bright yellow beneath ; found on the Columbia River : Delafield's Warbler, T. Dela- 
fieldi, five and a quarter inches long; olive-gray above, beneath yellow ; found in California. 
Genus HELINATA : Helinaia. — This includes the Swamp- Warblers^ according to Audubon, 
and is equivalent to the Vermivora of De Kay, and nearly the same as the Dacnis of Cuvier, which 
includes the Pit-Pits of Bufibn. The Blue-winged Yellow Warbler, i7. solUaria, is four and 
three-quarter inches long ; grass-green above, bright yellow beneath ; found from Louisiana to 
New Jersey. It frequents gardens, orchards, and willow-trees, and makes its nest in a tussock of 
long grass, occasionally shielded by a briar, in the form of an inverted funnel. After its northern 
migration in summer, it retires to tropical America to spend the winter. The Worm-eating 
WAUBh^-R, S. Penns9/lvanica, is five and a half inches long; of a deep olive-green above; beneath 
buff; found from Carolina to the fur countries. Swainson's Warbler, H. Swainsonii^ is five 
and a half inches long; the upper parts rich brown; under parts brownish-gray; found in the 
Middle and Eastern States. The Prothonotart Warbler, H. protonotariiis^ is five and a half 
inches long ; yellowish-green above, pale yellow beneath ; found in the Southern and Western 
States. The Golden-winged Warbler, H. chysoptera, is four and a quarter inches long; light 
ash-gray above and white beneath ; found in the Middle and AVestern States. Bachman's War- 
bler, H. Bachmani, is four inches long ; brownish-olive above, breast yellow, sides greenish- 
gray, tail-coverts white ; found in South Carolina. The Carbonated Warbler, H. carhonata^ is 
four and three-quarter inches long ; upper parts dusky and dull yellowish-green, fore part of the 
back and-sides dusky, lower back yellowish-green, under parts yellow ; found in Kentucky. 
The Tennessee Warbler, H. peregrina^ is four and a half inches long; yellow-olive above, whit- 
ish-cream color beneath ; found in the Southern States. The Orange-crowned Warbler, H. 
celata, is five and a half iuches long; brownish-green above, olive-yellow beneath; found from 
Mexico to Labrador. The Nashville Warbler, H. riibricapilla^ is four and a half inches long ; 
upper parts brownish-green, beneath greenish-yellow ; found in the Southern and Western States. 
Genus SYLVICOLA : Sylvicola. — This includes the Wood- Warblers. The Summer Yel- 
low-Bird, S. cestiva, is five inches long; pale yellowish-green above, beneath yellow; common 
throughout the Atlantic States. The nest, formed externally of hemp, flax, or woolly substances, 
is strongly fastened to the forked branches of a small tree, usually near a house. It is then lined 
with hair and feathers. Into this, as it sometimes happens, the insidious cow-bird drops its egg, 
in the expectation that it will be hatched by the unsuspecting proprietor of the nest. But the 
little bird perceives the imposition, and weaves above it a matting which covers it, and prevents 
its receiving the warmth necessary for incubation. The engraving at page 164 represents a section 
of such a nest, with the parasitic egg below and the lawful eggs above. 
The Yellow-crowned Wood-Warbler, S. coronata, is five and a quarter inches long; ashy- 
gray above ; breast and sides variegated with black ; rest of the lower parts white ; found through- 
out the United States. Audubon's Warbler, S. Audubonii, five and three-quarter inches long ; 
in color resembling the preceding ; found on the Columbia River. The Black-Poll Warbler, S. 
striata, is five and a quarter inches long ; bluish ash-gray, streaked with black above ; lower parts 
white ; found from Texas to Labrador. The Yellow-throated Warbler, 8. pensilis, is a beautiful 
species, five and a half inches long ; upper parts grayish-blue ; throat yellow ; breast and lower 
parts white ; found froin Texas to New Jersey. The Bat-breasted Warbler, S. castanea, is five 
and a quarter inches long; the head chestnut-red; back bluish ash-gray; lower parts white, 
tinged with reddish ; found from Texas northward. The Chestnut-sided Warbler, S. ictero- 
cephala, is five and a half inches long ; bluish-ash above ; lower parts white ; found from Texas 
YoL. II.— 20 
