CLASS II. AVES: ORDER 2. PASSERES. 
161 
THE CHEWINK. 
soil ; in the dry season tliey eat a portion of a species of cactus. Two or three other similar 
genera are found in these islands — all resembling the grosbeaks. 
Genus PIPILO : Pipilo. — This includes the Chewink, or Ground-Robik, or Gbound-Finch, 
P. erythrophthalma — the Towhee Bunting of Pennant — seven and a half inches long ; above 
black ; wings with one or two white bars ; breast white ; abdomen pale red ; sides reddish- 
brown. It is a common, humble, and unsuspicious bird, living in thickets along the borders of 
woods, where it may often be seen scratching up the withered leaves for worms and their larvae, 
as well as seeds and gravel, frequently crying at the same time taw-wee^ taw-wee^ taw-weet. It 
flies with a jerking motion, and a frequent flirt of the tail. It conceals its nest on the ground, 
lays four or five eggs, and is a general inhabitant of Canada and the United States, migrating to 
the north in the spring and retiring in the autumn. 
The Canon-Finch, P.fusca, is nine inches long ; olive-brown above ; middle of the abdomen 
white ; other lower parts cinereous ; makes its nest in the thick branches of a cedar or dwarf 
oak ; haunts shady gorges in mountainous districts ; spends much of its time on the ground ; its 
note a simple chirp ; found in California and New Mexico. The P. arctica builds its nest on 
the ground ; found in Utah. The P. Aberti is found in the same region. 
THE TANAGEIN^ OR TANAGERS. 
This is a very extensive sub-family of splendidly 
colored birds, peculiar to America, and mostly con- 
fined to the southern portion of it. Of about two 
hundred and twenty species, one hundred and ninety- 
three belong to South America, the remainder to 
Mexico and Central America ; three or four are well- 
known summer visitors to the United States. They 
have a curved bill, slightly arched at the tip ; their 
wings and flight are short ; they usually collect in 
troops; feed on insects and fruits; and build their 
nests on the branches of trees. Most of them have 
a pleasing song, and some are remarkable for their 
vocal powers. 
Genus EUPHONIA : Uuphonia. — This com- 
THE SCARLET TANAGKE. prisBs the Organist Tanager, JS'. musica, four 
Vol. II.— 21 
