CLASS I. INSECTA: ORDEE 4. LEPIDOPTERA. 
573 
The Galatea Butterfly, F. Galatea, aEuroclean species, called T7ie Half-Mourning Butterfly^ 
lias the wings slightly denticiilated ; 
they are of a brownish-yellow, with 
the base and extremities black, and 
spotted witb white. 
There are many otber splendid 
examples of the beautiful genus Pa- 
pilio. Of the genus Vanessa the 
Mourning-Cloak, V. Antiope, is a 
celebrated species, which seems to 
be found both in Europe and Amer- 
ica. Its wings are of an angular form, 
of a deep purple color, with a large 
yellow band, dotted with blue along 
the edffes. It inhabits woods and 
edges, 
meadows 
during 
the 
summer 
the 
THE HALF-MODRNING BDTfEEFLY. 
THE PEACOCK-BUTTEEFLT. 
caterpillars are black and thorny, 
and often nearly destroy the foliage 
of birch, elms, and otber ornamental trees. They may be easily killed with soap-suds. 
The Peacock-Butterfly, F. /o, has the edges of tbe wings denticulated; above they are of a 
reddish-fawn, with a large eye-spot on each ; those 
on the superior wings are red, encircled with 
mingled black and yellow ; those on the inferior 
ones are blue, with a black circle. It is a splendid 
European species, inhabiting woods, meadows, 
and gardens in October. 
Though our butterflies do not rival the more 
magnificent species of tropical America and of 
other portions of the torrid zone, we have many 
species of exceeding beauty. The Troilus But- 
terfly, Pa.pilio Ti-oilus, is a superb insect, the 
wdngs denticulated, black, spotted with yellow, 
and terminated by a swallow-tail. It lives on 
spice- wood and sassafras-trees ; is rare in the Northern States ; common in the Southern, and in 
the West Indies. The 
Philenor, p. Philenor, 
is smaller than the pre- 
ceding, but resembles it ; 
found in the Southern 
States. The Papilio Tur- 
nus is a large and hand- 
some species, common in 
the northern and middle 
states. Of the genus Va- 
nessa we have the Ad- 
miral, V. Atalanta, which 
has black velvet-like fore- 
wings, marked with scar- 
let and white, and black 
hind- wings : the Thistle 
Butterfly, V. cardui, 
found in Europe as well 
THE PAPILIO TURN0S. as Amcrica, and called 
