604: 
ARTICTJLATA. 
base of this organ, and their ducts run to its point, so that when the creature strikes with its 
weapon, a small portion of the venom is instilled into the wound. Whether this venom is ever 
fatal to human life appears still to be a matter of dispute ; but the effects of the scorpion's sting 
are doubtless very disagreeable. The female scorpion exhibits the greatest care for her young, 
carrying them upon her back for some days after they are hatched, and attending to them closely 
for about a month, after which they are able to take care of themselves. Scorpions generally live 
on the ground under stones and in dark places, coming out at night in search of prey ; but they 
frequently find their way into the interior of houses. 
The animals forming the second famil}'', the Thelyphonidce, present an appearance in some 
degree intermediate between the scorpions and the true spiders. Many of them are of large 
size and a somewhat forbidding appearance, and, like the scorpions, can run in every direction. 
They are almost confined to tropical countries, inhabiting principally the hottest parts of Asia 
and America. 
ORDER 3. ADELARTHROSOMATA. 
This order, deriving its title from the Greek adelos, hidden, arthros, an articulation, and so7nata, 
bodies, includes several families, among which are the Phalangidce : of these are the Harvest- 
Men or Harvest-Siyiders, having stilt-like limbs, with which they stalk about among plants in 
search of insects, on which they feed. The Cheliferidm resemble little scorpions that have lost 
their tails ; they frequent houses and get among old books, seeking for their minute prey. The 
Solpugidce include several spider-like animals, among which is the Galeodes araneoides, attaining 
the length of two inches. It is found in the hot parts of Asia and Africa, and is a great torment 
to camels. It is a fierce creature and its bite is venomous. 
ORDER 4. MONOMEROSOMATA. 
This order derives its name from the Greek monos, one, 7neros, a joint, and somata, bodies; it 
is sometimes called Acarina, from the Greek akari., a mite. It includes the Linguatulidce, curious 
worm-like animals, found in the frontal sinuses and lungs of various mammalia : 
the Simoneidce, minute, soft creatures, furnished with four pairs of legs, which fre- 
quently take up their abode in the follicles of the human skin, and hence are 
called Maggots in the Skin : and the Macrobioiidce, called Sloth or Bear Animalcules, 
microscopic creatures often found in the sandy dust of house-roof gutters. To 
CHEESE-MITE a -7 n t • i • im i 
MAGNIFIED. tficsc wc must add the Acaridce, or Mites, some oi which are active, like the 
Cheese-Mite, Acarus domesticus, and others are parasitic upon or beneath the skin 
of man and other animals. One species of these is the Itch-Mite, Sarcoptes scahiei, producing 
a well-known disease among people of filthy habits. The IxodidcB live upon various kinds of 
animals: some upon dogs, others upon serpents, others upon reptiles, and others upon dung- 
beetles. 
Beside these there belong to this order the Hydrachnidce or Watet'-Mites, attaching them- 
selves to water insects ; the Orihatidce, living chiefly upon mosses ; the Bdellidce, living among 
damp moss, and the Tromhidiidce, of which the little Scarlet-Mite, seen in gardens, is an examjDle. 
ORDER 5. PODOSOMATA. 
These animals form two families of marine, spider-like creatures — the Pycnogonidce, which 
are parasitic in their habits, and have the palpi obsolete ; and the Nymphonidce, which crawl 
about slowly among the stones and weeds of their aquatic home, and are furnished with distinct 
palpi. 
