Fig. o. — Transformation of the cicada from the pnpii to the adult. At 1 the pupa is 
crawling upward. At 2 and S the feet are being cleaned against the head and body. 
At 4 the pupa assumes the molting position. At 5 the skin splits. From 6 to 15 the 
adult emerges from the pupal skin, becoming free at 16. At 20 it has left the pupal 
skin (19) and finally assumes the mature form at 21. 
12.57?'— 21 2G 389 
