CZECHOSLOVAK PEOPLE — MATIEGKA. 485 
their culture passes gradually into the historic Slavonic culture; 
the 23re-Christian historic Slavs of these territories used cremation 
as their universal system of burial ; and, finally, there is no scientific 
possibility of attributing the urn-field burials with their remains 
either to Keltic or Germanic tribes. 
The rich archeological evidence renders possible the following 
estimates as to the coming of the Slavic tribes : 
(1) Penetration of Slavs, with Lusatian culture, into northeastern 
Bohemia, and thereafter toward the center of the country, approxi- 
mately 1000 to 800 B. C. 
(2) Extension of these tribes over central Bohemia, their mixing 
there with the older population, and their development of a modified 
culture, about 800 to 600 B. C. 
(3) Their numerical augmentation in northeastern Bohemia — 500 
to 200 B. C. 
(4) Their gradual extension over the whole country — about 300 
B. C. to the beginning of our era. 
(5) A fusion of the preponderant Slav population with the rem- 
nants of the Keltic tribes — first to fifth centuries A. D. 
(6) The addition of still other Slav bodies, one of which was the 
strong Czech tribe that eventually gave its name to the people of the 
country — fifth to sixth centuries A. D. 
The earliest known Czech historian, Kosmas (b. 1045), had no 
idea that Bohemia had ever been occupied by any except the Slav 
peoples; but Kosmas's accounts show that even to his time there 
were over different parts of the Bohemian territories different related 
Slav tribes, with the Czechs occupying the center of the country. 
Due to forestation of large intervening tracts of territory and their 
different admixtures as well as contacts, these tribes developed certain 
cultural differences, traces of which, with traces of dialectical nature, 
exist in the Czechoslovak lands to this day. A series of the names 
of these late tribes has been preserved, but in the course of time the 
population has become so intermixed and fused that the names to-day 
are little more than memories. Nevertheless, anthropological exami- 
nation of the people from different parts of the Czechslovak terri- 
tories shows certain differences of type, which are doubtless connected 
with these earlier subdivisions and different admixtures of the pe.ople. 
(See fig. 6.) 
The Slav tribes of Bohemia extended in historic times well beyond 
the boundaries of the country toward the south of the Danube, and in 
a southwestern direction into Bavaria {regio Slavornni of that 
country). These overflows later became Germanized. 
From the twelfth century onward, a gradual German colonization, 
favored for political reasons by some of the earlier Bohemian kings, 
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