FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
55 
present; belly not carinate, flattish, covered with ordinary scales; dorsal fin moderate, in front of 
ventrals, its membranes scaly; no adipose fin; anal very small; caudal widely forked; pyloric c’oeoa 
numerous; parietal bones meeting along top of head; vertebras numerous, 42 -f- 28=70. A single 
species known, found in all warm seas. 
In this, and probably in related families, the young pass through a metamorphosis analogous to 
that seen in the Conger Eels; they are fora time elongate, band-shaped, with very small head and 
loose, transparent tissues; from this condition they become gradually shorter and more compact, 
shrinking from 3 or 3.5 inches in length to 2 inches. According to Dr. Gilbert, this process, like 
that seen in various eels, is a normal one, through which all individuals pass. In the Gulf of Cali¬ 
fornia, where these fishes abound, these band-shaped young are often thrown by the waves on the 
beach in great masses. 
Genus 19. ALBULA (Gronow I Bloch & Schneider. The Bonefishes. 
The characters of this genus are included above. Only one species known. 
Conorlii/ncns Nozeman, Act. Select., Ill, 382,1757 (nonbinomial). 
Allmla Gronow, Zoophyl., 102,1703 (nonbinomial). 
Albula Bloch it Schneider. Syst. Ichth., 132, 1801 (conorht/)icu8=viUpcs). 
Butyrina? Lacepede, Hist. Nut. Poiss., V, 15, 1803 (bn na>>a—vidpi i). 
Qlomodus Cuvier in Agassiz, Spix Pise. Brasil., 18,1820 (forshali vulpes). 
20. Albula vulpes (Linnaeus). Bonejhsli; “ Oio.” Fig. 9. 
Head 3.75 in length; depth 5; D. 15; A. 8; scales 9-71-7; upper lobe of caudal the longer; a 
broad band of peculiar, elongate, membranaceous scales along middle line of back; accessory ventral 
scale large. 
Brilliantly silvery; olivaceous above; back and sides with faint streaks along the rows of scales; 
fins plain; axils dusky. Length 18 inches to 3 feet. Tropical seas, on sandy coasts, almost universally 
distributed and generally abundant. A beautiful and active fish, in most places little valued as food, 
but in some regions, as Key West, highly appreciated. Highly esteemed as a game fish. 
Fig. 9 .—Albula vulpes (Linnams); after Jordan and Evermann. 
We have a number of specimens from Honolulu and Hilo, all of which have the streaks on the 
back and upper surface dark and well defined. We have also examined specimens taken at Honolulu 
by Dr. Wood, and others from the same locality by Jordan and Snyder. 
Esox vulpes Linnaeus, Syst. Nut., Ed. X, 313, 1758, Bahamas (based oil the bonefish, Vulpes bahamaisis of Cfttesby). 
Argentinaglo 880 donla Forskiil, Descript. Animal., 68, 1775, Djidda, Arabia. 
.s y nod un aryen tern Bloeh & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 398, 1801, Asia. 
Clupea brasilicusis Bloch A Schneider, op. cit., 427, Brazil. 
Albula conorhynchus Bloeh & Schneider, op. cit., 432, Antilles (after Gronow); Streets, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 7, 76, 1877 
(Honolulu); Gunther, Rep. Shore Fish., Challenger, Zool., I, part VI, 61, 1880 (Hilo). 
Albulapltnnieri Bloch & Schneider, op. cit., pi. 86, Antilles. 
Amin immaculata Bloeh & Schneider, op. cit., 451. South America; after Macabe of Parra. 
Rutyrinus banana Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V. 46, 1803, lie de France. 
Argentina sphynena Lacepede, op. cit., V. 366, 1803, Mediterranean. 
Clupea microccphala Lac^pOde, op. cit., 426, Martinique; on a drawing by Plumier. 
