156 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
Color in alcohol, dull silvery, with bluish reflections, darker above; each scale, with many dark 
punctulations, these more numerous and distinct in the posterior center of each scale, and forming 
longitudinal stripes along each row of scales; upper portion of membrane before third dorsal spine 
black, making a black blotch on fin; other fins pale. 
Color in life, dull crimson brown or maroon; sidessilvery, faint dark stripes and dots along rowsof 
scales; lateral band in a distinct maroon stripe; sides of head much dotted; eye silvery with a streak 
of red anteriorly; spinous dorsal translucent, the base and tip opaque white, the outlines irregular, a 
large blood-red blotch on anterior 3 spines and membranes; soft dorsal maroon in front and at base, 
t he rest pale golden; caudal maroon on each lobe, the middle dull orange; anal pale yellowish, mem¬ 
branes of first spines maroon; pectoral light red; ventrals pure white. 
The above description from specimen 03374, 10.75 inches long, from Honolulu, where the species 
is rather common in the market. 
Another example (No. 03407) had general color silvery in life, lake red on back, and with deeper 
streak along lateral line; eye silvery, with streak of red anteriorly; belly pale yellowish white; 2 par¬ 
allel lines of dark spots on anterior 15 scales of the first 2 rows above lateral line; anterior edge 
of spinous dorsal white, tapering to a point posteriorly and below a transparent bar in which spines 
are tinged with lake-red; a series of milk-white spots at base of spinous dorsal just behind each spine, 
FIG. 56 .—Flammco sammara (Forskal). 
the first the highest and extending in front of jet black ocellus edged with lake-red which extends 
over first 3 spines; first 3 rays of soft dorsal lake-red, then tinged with yellow over fourth and fifth, 
and the rest of the fin more or less transparent; a pale yellow line on soft dorsal along upper edge and 
base of fin, the former growing narrower posteriorly, fourth anal spine and first ray lake-red, rest 
of fin like soft dorsal; caudal with outer rays lake-red, last outside ray above and below white, center 
colorless, edge pale yellow; pectoral with pale-red tinge on rays; ventral colorless. 
Our collections contain 8 specimens taken by us at Honolulu in 1901, 4 secured bv Dr. Jenkins at 
the same place in 1889, 1 by Dr. Wood in 1898, 4 by the Albatross at the island of Makemo in 1899, and 
many others obtained by Dr. Jordan at Samoa in 1902. The Albatross obtained specimens at Hono¬ 
lulu and Laysan in 1902. The species has been recorded from Guam by Mr. Seale, and it is common 
at Samoa. 
Scixna sammara Forskal, Descr. Animal., 48,1775, Djidda; Schneider, Syst. Ichtli., 89,1801 (after Forskal). 
Labr)is imtjulosrs I,ac6p’i)de, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Ill, 430, pi. 22, fig. 1, 1801, no locality. 
Holocentrus xammara, Ruppell, Atlas, zu der Reise im Nordl. Afrika, 85, pi. 22, fig. 3. 1828. 
Holocentrumsamnara, Cuvier A Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss.. 1 11.216.1829 (Sea of the Indies); Gunther, Fische der Stidsee, 
100, 1875 (Society and Paumotu islands). 
Holocentrum christianum Ehrenberg in Cuvier A Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss.. nr, 219, 1829, Cosseir. 
