212 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
ridge, the edge somewhat serrate, at least in the. young, becoming entire with age in some species; 
operele with a spine behind; gill rakers rather long; dorsal spines 6 or 7, strong; second dorsal remote, 
short; anal with 1’ spines and S or 9 soft rays, the second much the longer, the soft part similar to the 
soft dorsal; pectorals and ventral* moderate; vertebrae 11+11=25. Warm seas; the species numerous. 
The species are much alike in form, but differ greatly in markings, the ground color being usually 
bright red or reddish silvery. The principal groups differ in number of dorsal spines and in the form 
of the caudal. Most of the Pacific species belong to the subgenus Ostorhinchus, while all the Atlantic 
species belong in the subgenus Apngon. 
Art'i'i Gronow. Zoophyl., 80, 1763 (mo/.ii.cccnrir); Gill, 1'roc. Ac. Nat. Sei. Pliila. 1862, 237 ( imberbis ). 
Apopon Lacepcde. Hist. Nat. I’oisa., III. til, 1801 (ruber —imberbis). 
Ostorhinehur I/iccpcde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., IV, 21. 1802 ( fleuricu , a species from the South Seas with 8 dorsal spines and a 
dark cros -hand at base of caudal). 
Monoprion Potty, Mctmorias. II. 123, 1856-58 (nuiculatur ). 
Pristiapopon Klunzinger, Synopsis, Fische des rothen Meeres, in Verhand. Gczclls. Wien, I, 715,1870 ( Jrenatus ). 
a. Preopcrcle sharply serrate on posterior margin only, the anterior edges smooth or merely roughish. 
;>. Body with 6 or 7 longitudinal rows of black spots forming distinct lines... maculifera, p. 212 
hh. Body with 5 indistinct dark bands, none reaching the ventral surface. evermanni, p. 213 
an. Preopercle sharply serrate on both margins; body without distinct rows of spots, 
c. Second dorsal spine not the longest; color not bright reddish. 
d. Caudal fin without black crescent. snyderi, p. 214 
dd. A broad black crescent on base of caudal fin, the horns extending to tips of outer rays. menesema, p. 215 
cc. Second dorsal spine longest; color of body bright reddish. erythrina, p. 217 
163. Amia maculifera (Garrett). Fig. 83. 
Head 2.5 in length; depth 2.75; eye 3.2 in head; snout 4.2; maxillary 2; interorbital 4; mandible 
1.6; D. vn (-viii)-i, 9; A. n, 8; scales 3-24-5; gillrakers about 6 + 15, long and compressed, filaments 
short, the longest smaller than the longest gillrakers. 
Body short, deep, and moderately compressed, the greatest depth less than length of head; caudal 
peduncle rather deep, its least depth 2.5 in head; head pointed, longer than deep, eye and postocular 
Fin. 83 .—Amia 'maculifera (Garrett). 
part equal to its depth; eye very large, anterior, much greater than snoul; interorbitnl flat with a low 
median ridge; upper rim of orbit not projecting above the profile of head; snout pointed; jaws sub¬ 
equal; maxillary extending nearly to posterior margin of pupil; teeth villiform, in bands on jaws, 
vomer, and palatines; tongue small, rounded, thin, and free; mouth large, oblique; bones of the bead 
cavernous; posterior margin of preopercle and edge of suborbital finely serrate; anterior margin of 
preopercle simply rough; origin of spinous dorsal over base of pectoral, third spine enlarged, 2.4 in 
