FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
245 
pointed; no teeth on jaws, vomer or palatines; lower pharvngeals separated from each other, and like 
the upper ones, armed with eardiform teeth; preoperele entire; scales rather small, ciliated; bran- 
chiostegals, 7; pseudobrancbise present. 
This genus is distinct from Emmelichthyg, differing chiefly in having no detached dorsal spines. 
Erythridithys Teraminck & Schlegel, Fauna Jappnica, Poiss., 117, 1815 (&ctile</dii). 
187. Erythrichthys schlegelii Gunther. Plate XIX and Fig. 102. 
Head 3.4 in length; depth 4; eye 3.4 in head; snout 3.6; maxillary 2; mandible 2; preorbital 7; 
interorbital 3.75; D. x-t, 11;'A. in, 10; scales 10-75-17; Br. 7; gill rakers 24 f 6, the longest about 2 
in eye. 
Body long and slender, deepest at vertical of pectoral, thence gradually tapering to the long caudal 
peduncle, not much compressed, the back not much elevated; head moderate, conic; snout rather sharply 
conic; mouth .rather large, somewhat oblique, the maxillary reaching anterior edge of pupil; vomer 
palatines, tongue, and jaws toothless, the latter sometimes with a few very small villous teeth; premaxil- 
laries greatly protractile; lower jaw projecting, its tip rounded, entering into dorsal profile; eye very 
large, its center scarcely above axis of body; interorbital broad and convex; preorbital very narrow- 
opercle smooth, 2 weak flat spines on its upper portion, the bony portion between these deeply emar- 
ginate; preoperele slightly crenate or fluted, not serrate, the angle rather broadly rounded; origin of 
spinous dorsal slightly posterior to base of ventrals, a little nearer tip of snout than base of last dorsal 
ray; dorsal spines all slender, the first short, about 2.5 in second; third longest, about 2 in head, the 
tenth shortest, rather remote from the ninth but connected with it by a membrane, scarcely or not at 
all connected with the eleventh, which is somewhat longer, 1.6 in eye; soft dorsal with a scaly-sheathed 
base, the rays approximately equal, 1.1 in eye; anal similar to soft dorsal, the first spine short, about 
2.5 in second, the third longest, about equal to eye, second anal ray slightly longer; caudal widely forked, 
lobes equal, long and pointed, about equaling head; ventrals short, reaching about two-fifths distance 
to vent, their length a little shorter than snout and eye; pectoral short, not reaching tips of ventrals, 
the length 1.6 in head; scales small, very finely ctenoid, deeper than long, firm, covering base of caudal 
and forming a scaly sheath at base of anal and dorsal fins; head completely scaled, 6 rows of scales on 
maxillary; mandibles scaled. 
Color in life of an example (No. 03491) from Hilo, pinkish olive, pinkish silvery below; back 
with golden luster; faint yellowish cross-bands spreading from lateral line, these being muscle marks; 
faint darker streaks above middle of side; head orange-red, yellowish on side, red below; jaws red; 
sheath of scales of dorsal salmon-color; dorsal translucent, the spinous part orange-tinted, the rest 
light crimson; lower fins red; pupil orange within, silvery without; middle of side distinctly yellowish, 
the general effect orange. 
