248 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
189. Kyphosus fuscus (Lacepcdc). “ Mannloa“Name.” 
Head 3.5 in length; depth 2.4; eye 4 in head; snout 3.1; maxillary 3.5; interorbital 2.6; D. xi, 
12; A. in, 11 ; scales 12-82-21, about 70 in series just below lateral line. 
Body oblong, deep, compressed, dorsal outline more convex than ventral, the latter being nearly 
straight from origin of anal to before base of ventrals; dorsal outline from origin of dorsal to tip of 
snout nearly evenly arched, becoming slightly steeper over snout, the prominence in front of eye not 
very evident; head deeper than long, compressed, much broader through the middle; snout very 
short, bluntly conic; mouth small, horizontal, upper jaw slightly the longer, maxillary reaching 
slightly beyond anterior edge of eye; a single row of moderately broad and strong incisor teeth on each 
jaw, their roots with very conspicuous backward parallel prolongations; no villiform teeth back of 
these evident; bands of villiform teeth on vomer and palatines; eye entirely above axis of pectoral, 
anterior; preopercle entire; interorbital broad and convex; caudal peduncle 1.8 in head; origin of 
dorsal slightly in advance of origin of ventrals; distance of origin of dorsal from tip of snout equal to 
depth of body; dorsal spines moderately strong, longest spines much higher than soft dorsal, 2.2 in 
head, first spine two-thirds as high as second; caudal broad, not deeply forked, its lobes broad and 
equal, their length, measured from the first supporting ray to tip, slightly longer than head; anal 
similar to soft dorsal, its base equal to that of soft dorsal, about 1.25 in head; pectoral rather broadly 
rounded, 1.6 in head, not reaching ventrals; ventrals not reaching vent, shaped like pectoral, 1.6 in 
head; scales rather small, weakly ctenoid, much deeper than long, larger on side of body; entire body 
and snout scaled, except anterior part of snout; scales on head small, small scales on entire soft dorsal, 
anal and caudal fins and most of pectoral and ventrals, a large humeral scale on which is a patch of 
smaller scales; lateral line concurrent with dorsal outline. 
Color in alcohol, grayish 'brown, with bluish silvery reflections, becoming lighter below, almost 
white on belly, narrow, dark bands on the side between the rows of scales, a narrow silvery band 
under eye; snout dark brown, membrane of spinous dorsal with some brownish; soft dorsal, anal and 
pectoral color of body; Caudal brownish olivaceous, tips lighter; ventral membranes purplish brown, 
rays lighter. 
The above description based chiefly upon a specimen (No. 04480) 8.75 inches long, from Honolulu. 
This fish reaches about a foot in length and is valued as a food-fish. It was obtained only at Honolulu, 
whence we have 4 good specimens 5 to 9 inches long. 
Xyster fuscus LaettpMe, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 484, 1803, Red Sea. 
Pimelepterus fuscus, Gunther, Cat., I, 498, 1859 (Red Sea); Steindaehner, Dents. Ak. Wiss. Wien, i.xx, 1900, 489 (Honolulu 
and Laysan). 
Genus 138. SECTATOR Jordan & Fesler. 
This genus is very close to Kyphosus, from which it differs in its smaller incisor teeth, which have 
very inconspicuous roots, and in the deeply forked caudal. 
()nly 2 species known — fiectalor ocyurus from Panama and S. om« from < >ahu. 
Sectator Jordan A Fesler, Review Spnroid Fishes, Kept. U. S. Kish Comm. 1889-1891 (1893), 534 (ocyurus). 
190. Sectator azureus Jordan & Evermann. Plate XX. 
Head 4 in length; depth 3; eye 5 in head; snout 3.65; maxillary 4; interorbital 2.4; I), xi, 15; 
A. hi, 13; scales 14-81-20. 
Body elongate, ovoid, greatest depth about at tip of pectoral; head slightly longer than deep; 
compressed; snout very bluntly convex; jaws about equal, maxillary not reaching front of eye; mouth 
small, horizontal; teeth very small, compressed, in a single series in each jaw; minute villiform teeth 
on vomer, palatines and tongue; tongue broad, rounded and free in front; preopercle entire, posterior 
edge very oblique; lower edge of eye on a line with upper base of pectoral, posterior margin well in 
front of middle of head; interorbital broad, strongly convex, a deep groove in front of eye to nostril; 
caudal peduncle rather long, 1.9 in head; origin of spinous dorsal slightly in front of base of ventrals, 
well behind pectoral, its distance from tip of snout slightly greater than depth of body; longest dorsal 
spine 3 in head, last dorsal ray elongate, being one-fourth longer than other rays, its length 3.4 in head; 
third anal spine longest, 4.9 in head; firstanal ray longest, 3.4 in head; base of anal 1.8 in base of dorsal; 
caudal deeply forked, lower lobe the longer, 3.5 in body; pectoral short, slightly longer than ventrals, 
