FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
251 
Mulhis auri.flamma Forsk&l, Descript. Animal., 30, 1775. Djidda, Arabia. 
MuUm jlavolineatus Lac6p£de, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Ill, 106, 1801, lie de France. 
Muflus aureoviitatuB Shaw, General Zool., IV, 618, 1805. Indian Seas. 
Upeneus flavolineatus, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Ill, 456, 1829 (lie de France, Bourbon. Bouron. Borabora, 
Massuah). 
Upeneus zeylonicus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Ill, 459, 1829, Trinquemalo, Ceylon. 
Upeneus auriflamma, Cuvier A Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 461, 1829 (Red Sea). 
IIypcneu8 flavolineatus, Cantor, Cat. Malay. Fish.. 36, 1850 (Sea of Pinang). 
.1/ uUoidesflavolineatus, Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., Ill, 1852, 697 (Wahia). 
Mulloides zeylonicus, Bleeker, Act. Soc. Sci. Ind. Neerl., VI, 1859, 8. 
Mulloides aunflamma, Klunzinger, Verb. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 1870, 742; Steindachner. Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 
485 (Laysan; Honolulu); Jenkins, Bull. U. 8. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 454 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. 
cit. ( Jan. 19.1904), 527 (Honolulu). 
192. Mulloides erythrinus Klunzinger. 
Head 3.5 in length; depth 3.75; eye 3.33 in head; scales 42 or 43; eye large, .66 of snout, equaling 
the length of postorbital part of head and somewhat more than the width of interorbital; barbel 
reaching to under posterior edge of preopercle; first and second dorsal spines of equal length, flexible, 
.75 as high as head. Color in life, deep rose-red, back darker; a broad golden band from eye along 
middle of body to caudal; oblique yellow lines; fins scarlet to orange-red. Recorded from Laysan 
Island by Steindachner; not seen by us. 
Mulloides ruber, "Klunzinger, Verb. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 1870, 743 (Red Sea); not of I.aCftpede 
? Mulloides flavolineatus, Kner, Reis. Novara, Zool. in Zoologischer, I. 1869, 69 (Australia); not of Laeept-de. 
Mulloides erythrinus Klunzinger, Fische des rothen Meeres, I, 50, 1881, Red Sea, Steindachner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 
LXX, 1900, 485 (Laysan). 
193. Mulloides pflugeri Steindachner. 
Head 3.6 in length; depth 3,6; eye 6 in head; snout 1.9; maxillary 2.6; interorbital 2.9; preor¬ 
bital 3.8; D. vii-i, 8; A. i, 6; scales 3-40-7. 
Body moderately slender, not greatly arched; Jiead large; snout long, slightly deeurved; mouth 
moderate, slightly convex; maxillary not reaching front of orbit; teeth on jaws in villiform bands, 
none on palatines; eye small, high up; interorbital space broad, convex; preorbital oblique; scales 
deeper than long, moderately firm; lateral line following contour of back, the pores with few 
branches; origin of spinous dorsal posterior to base of pectoral, length of longest dorsal ray 1.6 in 
head; base of spinous dorsal 1.25 in longest ray, and slightly greater than interdorsal space, the latter 
being equal to base of soft dorsal. 
Color in life, body, head, and barbels uniform bright red; dorsals, centrals, and pectoral red, 
with tinge of yellow; caudal red but with yellow predominating; no yellow lateral band and no blue 
spot on side below spinous dorsal. Color in spirits, uniform dusky olivaceous and yellowish, with 
blotehings of rosy on head and lower part of side. 
This species does not appear to he common, as only 2 examples were secured by us, No. 03529, 
23 inches long, on August 4, 1901, and No. 04113, 21 inches long, both from the market at Honolulu. 
These specimens seem close to what we have called 31. samoemis, but differ in having 40 instead 
of 35 scales in tire lateral line, and in the uniform red coloration, there being no evidence of a yellowish 
lateral band as in the other species. These specimens can not be .1/. sameensis because of the absence 
of a black lateral spot. They do not seem to bed/, preorbilalis because of the smaller scales and 
different coloration. They are not .17. ruber ( erythrinus) as described by Gunther in Fische der Siidsee, 
because of the much larger eye and the presence of yellow bands in the latter species, which is also 
said to have no .yellow on the fins. 
Mulloidespflugeri Steindachner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 485, plate 3, fig. 4. Honolulu. 
194. Mulloides flammeus Jordan & Evermann. “1 Veke ula ula.” Fig. 104. 
Head 3.6 in length; depth 4; eye 4.3 in head; snout 2.25; interorbital 3.5; maxillary 2.6; mandible 
2.1; shortest distance from eye to upper edge of maxillary 1 in eye; D. vii-9, longest dorsal spine 1.75 
in head, longest dorsal ray 2.6; A. 7, longest ray 2.7; scales 3—41-6; pectoral 1.5; ventral 1.4. 
