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BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
description of L. lunaritt is not sufficiently full to enable ns to settle this question with certainty. 
Jordan and Snyder expressly state that the head of their specimen was naked; onrs has a patch of 
well-developed scales upon the upper limb of the opercle, which may indicate specific distinction. 
Moreover, we are able to find but 2 anal spines, a character in which it differs from other species of 
Thalassoma. 
Labrus humris Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. X, 28:', 1758, India. 
Labrus zcglonicus (Forster) Pennant. Indian Zoology, 56, pi. 16, 1790. Ceylon. 
Labrus viridis Bloch, Ichth., VIII, 104, pi. 282, 1797. Japan. 
Jlilts lunaris, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XIII, 409, 1839 (Massuah; Siam; Ceylon; Otaiti; Java); Gunther, 
Cat., IV, 180, 1862; Day, Fishes India, 403, pi. 86, fig. 1. 1877. 
dulls meniscus Cuvier Valenciennes, op. cit., 415, Seychelles, Macao. 
Jul is viridis, Cuvier & Valenciennes, op. cit., 420 (Bourbon Island). 
Julis mcrtensi Cuvier & Valenciennes, op. cit., 421, 1737, Ulea. 
La.brus.lvtweens Solander Ms., Tahiti. 
Julis lutescens, Bennett, Zool. Beeehev’s Voy. Blossom, Fishes, 65, pi. xix, fig. 2, 1839 (Tahiti, Riukiu: after Solander); 
Brevoort, Exped. Japan, Fishes, 271, pi. vm, figs.:’ and 4, 1856 (Nafa, Okinawa Island). 
Thalassoma lutescens, Jordan A: Snyder, Proc. IT. S. Nat. Mus., XX IN', 1902, 647 (Riukiu Islands). 
239. Thalassoma aneitense (Gunther). Plate 41. 
Head 3.7 in length to base of caudal; depth 3.4; snout 3.8 in head; eye 5.3; interorbital space 4; 
scales 26-1 1; I), vm, 13; A. n, 11. 
Teeth in both jaws growing gradually shorter from before backward; no enlarged teeth or 
canines; head smooth; scales smaller on breast and belly than on sides and back; lateral line extend¬ 
ing along fourth row of scales to below base of eleventh articulated ray, where it bends downward 
across 3 rows of scales and passes along middle of caudal peduncle; first dorsal spine equal in length 
to about two-tliirds diameter of orbit, the others successively longer, the last being l.fi times diameter 
of orbit; articulated rays higher, about twice diameter of orbit; anal spines rather strong, the first, 
equal in height to third dorsal spine, the second equal to last dorsal spine; dorsal and anal rays about 
equal in height; pectoral 1.4 in head; caudal probably truncate; ventral 2 in head. 
Color in spirits, pale brownish, the head dusky above; 2 dusky bars passing backward from eye, 
the lower of which extends toward angle of opercle; a broad semicircular bar extending from chin 
toward eye and bending downward toward lower edge of opercle; a smaller semicircular bar below 
the latter; scales with small white spots; distal half of pectoral blackish, the color fading out toward 
the lower edge; dorsal with a dark spot- about the si/e of pupil on membrane of second and third 
spines. Known to us from the Hawaiian Islands by only one specimen, 5.2 inches long, obtained at 
Honolulu bv Mr. Berndt. 
Julis anciteusis Gunther, Cat.. IV, 183, 1862, Aneityum. (Coll. Maegillivray.) 
Thalassoma aneitense, Jordan A: Snyder, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXVII. 1904, 943 (Honolulu). 
Thalassoma aneitensis, Fowler, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1900, 510 (Sandwich Islands). 
Genus 157. JULIS Cuvier. 
This genus as here understood differs from Cor is chiefly in the more elongate body and especially 
in the smaller scales, which are 75 to 95 in lateral series. In most species the anterior dorsal spines 
are slender and prolonged. Brilliantly colored fishes of the coral reefs, some of the species burying 
themselves in the sand. The name .Julis, originally based on the Girelle of the Mediterranean (Julis 
julis), has been wrongly transferred to the genus Thalassomu by Bleeker and by Gunther. 
Julis Cuvier, Regne Animal, 1st ed., I, 261, 1817 (julis). 
a. First 2 dorsal spines longer than the others, the first 1.4 to 1.8 in head. 
b. Scales in lengthwise series, fewer than 90 (76 to 82); posterior part of body with violet spots; no blackish vertical bars 
on side behind pectoral. 
c. Eye 8 in head; scales in lengthwise series 76; body color in life dark reddish brown; a deep green cross Mild from 
dorsal to vent; middle line of throat whitish; posterior violet spots blue-edged . gaimard, p. 305 
cc. Eye 7 in head; scales in lengthwise series 82; body color in life brownish orange or cinnamon-brown, no deep green 
cross band from dorsal to vent, middle line of throat whitish; posterior violet spots larger than in gaimard* 
and edged with dark violet. pulchcrrima. p 305 
bb. Scales in lengthwise series 90 or more (92); posterior part of body without violet spots; about 8 blackish vertical 
crossbars on side behind pectoral... leponiis, p. 306 
