FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
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scales, which are yellowish green; head and nape purplish, with narrow reddish orange or yellow 
lines radiating from eye, those toward snout reddest, those backward more yellow; 2 greenish yellow 
bars on opercle, which is yellowish green above and bluish below; dorsal pale, specked with olive or 
brownish, edge of (in red; membrane of anterior ray with a blue spot bounded above by a similar 
bright red border; last few dorsal rays pale, with rosy specks, yellowish toward tips; caudal mottled 
greenish and reddish on basal half of rays, elsewhere mottled rosy, yellowish, greenish, and white, 
the border narrowly blue; anal flesh-color at base, mottled reddish, grayish and greenish on distal 
parts, the border blue; pectoral and ventrals pale rosy, the latter somewhat mottled with greenish, 
reddish, and white; iris bluish olive, with radiating orange lines; tip of lower jaw dark bluish, paler 
on the throat. 
This same specimen, after having been in spirits one year, is dusky white, palest, below; the lines 
and markings on the head have changed to pale sulphur-yellow, as likewise, the border to the scales 
on anterior part of body; the dark greenish postocular spot has become dark brown, almost black, 
and the green of the side pale; the black lateral spot persists; the blue spot on anterior portion of 
dorsal has become black, and the red above it has faded to pale lemon. In some specimens the black 
lateral spot is absent on one or both sides, while occasionally in other specimens it is duplicated and 
appears as a double spot, on at least one side. Most specimens show in spirits traces of 4 or 5 broad 
dark liars, and a dark blotch on basal part of Caudal fin. 
Another specimen (No. 02350) in life was scarlet, a little olivaceous on back, the color deepest 
behind opercular flap and produced bv a vertical spot on each scale; side of head green, with scarlet 
line radiating from eye, irregular in position; a brown spot behind eye; a jet black round spot larger 
than pupil below seventh scale of lateral line; a black ocellus behind middle of first dorsal spine, rest 
of dorsal with red reticulations around pale spots; caudal and anal similar; soft fins whiter than 
spinous portion; ventrals whitish, reticulated with red; pectoral pale with a red streak at base. An 
example (No. 03343) 4.25 inches long, taken at Honolulu, June 14, when nearly fresh had the back 
and upper parts of side and head brick-red, mottled with dark olive; 2 rows of scales below lateral 
line with the entire margin orange-red; 3 or 4 faint round dusky spots above lateral line anteriorly; a 
conspicuous black spot just below lateral line beneath fifth and sixth spines; caudal peduncle dusky 
underlaid with rosy; snout and interorbital space with irregular greenish white lines; whiter lines 
radiating forward and coppery ones backward from eye; a large brownish spot back of eye bounded 
by coppery orange; opercle in front of pectoral greenish, with 2 obscure, coppery stripes; under parts 
paler, the scales with pale orange centers; margin of lower jaw white, rest black; middle line of 
throat black; dorsal blackish brown, the Sheathing scales dusky rosy; first ray blood-red on outer 
two-thirds, followed by a black spot; margin of fin with a narrow white line, tips of the ray rosy, 
posterior 6 or 7 rays yellow; caudal with upper half yellow with rosy splotches, median rays with a 
large blackish blotch on basal half, outer half and lower part of fin greenish yellow; anal greenish 
olive, posterior margin greenish yellow, with rosy splotches; pectoral pale rosy, yellow on base; ven¬ 
trals dusky anteriorly, paler on inner rays, crossed by about 4 rows of orange-red spots; iris olive with 
spots and lines of orange. 
This little fish is one of the most beautiful of the many brilliant fishes found among the Hawiian 
Islands. The extreme delicacy and beauty of the markings are well shown in the exquisite painting 
by Mr. Hudson which accompanies this report. 
The vies was originally described from the Hawaiian Islands, being found among the coral rocks, 
where it is apparently not uncommon. We have examined 40 specimens from Honolulu, and 1 from 
Hilo, all of small size, rarely exceeding 5 inches in length. Other specimens were obtained by the 
Albatross at Honolulu. 
CheiUnus himaculatus Cuvier Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. I’oiss., 14, 96,1839, “ L'ile Onarourou” (Honolulu), Coll. JEydoux & 
Souleyet; Gunther, Cat., IV, 131, 1862 (Hawaiian Islands); Gunther, Fische dor Siidsee, VII, 246, 1881 (Honolulu); 
Steindacliner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 504 (Honolulu): Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm.. XXII, 1902 
(Sept. 23. 1903), 464 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. cit. (Jan. 19, 1904), 530 (Honolulu). 
t Cheilinus cemmams Bleeker, Nat. Tijd. Ned. Ind., 111,290,1852, Ceram; Gunther, Cat., IV, 127,1862 (Amboyim: Aneityum.) 
F. C. B. 1903—21 
