BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
328 
near the dorsal line and close together; cheek very deep; opereles with their edges smooth; opercle 
with a broad, flexible flap; caudal peduncle moderately deep, 2.8 in head; scales small, densely cover¬ 
ing entire body, except a narrow naked area on breast and nape; head naked, but with a small patch 
of 6 or 8 scales below the eye; lateral line running high, following contour of back until under fifth 
dorsal spine from last, where it closes, reappearing again 5 scales below and continuing to base of caudal 
fin, sometimes the last pore of first part bent down and the first of the last part bent upward; dorsal 
fin beginning over middle of opercle, the spines soft and flexible, their length about 4.4 in head, dorsal 
rays scarcely longer:; anal spine and rays similar to those of dorsal; caudal truncate; outer rays of N eu¬ 
trals slightly produced, their length 2 in head; pectoral rather short and broad, about 1.75 in head. 
Color in life of a nearly fresh specimen (No. 03153) pale rosy white, with some yellowish; top of 
head pale greenish; anterior pectoral region greenish; a small jet-black ocellated spot, with pale blue 
border on upper part of side under about eighth dorsal spine; dorsal pale greenish, edged with pale 
orange and blue, a narrow black line near tip of first membrane; caudal pale yellowish white; pectoral 
and ventrals whitish; anal white; iris yellow surrounded by rosy. 
Another specimen (No. 03408) had the belly pale bluish white, the general color of body very 
pale olive-green; anal colorless; dorsal colorless except for a narrow pale red edge; a yellow ocher 
spot .on opercular flap; a small dark spot on upper posterior part of the caudal peduncle; caudal 
colorless, the anterior half tinged with pate yellow; other fins colorless; iris bright yellow surrounded 
by a rim of lake-purple, a stripe along back for entire length, just above lateral line slightly paler and 
more nearly color of belly. A live example (No. 03458), taken at Honolulu, July 27, had the general 
color bluish white; edge of gill-opening and posterior part of opercle pale pinkish yellow; a quadrate 
area from gill-opening to vent and from ventral line of belly to level of lower border of eye.pure white; 
an indistinct irregular band of pale pinkish yellow from below eye backward along upper border of 
the quadrate white area; posterior half of side with about 13 transverse pale pinkish bars; a small round 
black spot, with bright greenish blue border on side above tip of pectoral and just below lateral line; 
anterior part of dorsal fin with a Y-shaped black line with greenish border; posterior part bordered 
with pale pinkish yellow . 
Color in alcohol, very pale yellowish or brownish white; side from above base of pectoral to ver¬ 
tical of origin of anal with a broad yellowish white area, the small black spot on side unchanged, as is 
likewise the black on first dorsal membrane; black spot on side rarely absent and sometimes double; 
occasionally an indistinct black spot on each side of upper posterior end of caudal peduncle. 
The above general description is based chiefly upon a specimen (No. 03153) obtained'at Honolulu. 
This species reaches a length of ti or 7 inches and is fairly abundant at Honolulu. We have examined 
26 specimens (4.8 to 6.25 inches long), 1 from Hilo, the others from Honolulu. 
Xyrichthys ledusc Quoy & Guimard, Voy. frame, Zool., 284, pi. 65, fig. ]. 1824, Hawaii. 
Xyrichtlnis uilurolipidotus Cuvier A Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XIV, 52, 1839, Owhyhee (Hawaii) (Coll. Quoy A 
Guimard). 
Cymolutes ledum, Gunther, Cat., IV, 207, 1862 (Hawaiian Islands). 
I'umolutef ledusr, Jenkins, Bull. U.8.Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept,23,1903),465 (Honolulu); Snyder, op.cit. (Jan. 19,1904), 
531 (Honolulu). 
Genus 165. INIISTIUS Gill. 
Body compressed, oblong, covered with large thin scales, about 26 in the lateral line; head scale¬ 
less or nearly so; head short and deep, the upper and anterior outline compressed to a sharp edge; 
profile almost vertical; eye small, placed high; D. ii-vii, 12; A. in, 12; first 2 dorsal spines detached 
from the others and inserted on or close behind the occiput; lateral line interrupted, extending on the 
second row of large scales below the dorsal sheath; canines, 2 in front of each jaw; no posterior canines. 
This genus contains some 5 or 6 species, chiefly of the western Pacific. They are similar in most 
respects to the species of Xyrichthya, differing principally in having the 2 anterior spines of the dorsal 
fin produced, separated from the others, and placed as a separate fin on the nape. 
Jniisiius Gill, Proe. Ac. Nat. Sei. Phila. 1862, 143 (pavo). 
«. Body-color in lii'e olive green or gray, not black or brown: 3 more or less distinct cross-shades. pavoninus , p.329 
art. Body-color in life black or brown; no crossbars. niger , p. 331 
